{"id":5954,"date":"2019-02-11T16:01:53","date_gmt":"2019-02-11T13:01:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/?p=5954"},"modified":"2019-02-16T03:32:32","modified_gmt":"2019-02-16T00:32:32","slug":"dogu-komsumuz-iran","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/?p=5954","title":{"rendered":"Do\u011fu Kom\u015fumuz \u0130RAN (D\u0131\u015f Gezi)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kap\u0131 Kom\u015fumuz \u0130RAN<\/b><\/p>\n

Tarihi Pers K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc Vatan\u0131 \u0130ran, \u015eiirin Ba\u015fkenti \u015eiraz, Anadolu T\u00fcrkmen-Zaza Alevili\u011fi kayna\u011f\u0131 Horasan ve Deylem, Kar\u0131z-Qanat Yeralt\u0131 Su Kanallar\u0131 M\u00fczesi Yezd, Sel\u00e7uklu Mimari Miras\u0131 \u0130sfahan ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Vadisi Derbent vb. bizleri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131yor, yeniden\u2026<\/p>\n

Hazar Denizi ile Basra K\u00f6rfezi (Persian Gulf) aras\u0131nda ve Afganistan\u2019dan\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye kadar uzanan 1 648 000 kilometrekare alan\u0131 kaplayan ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 60 milyon n\u00fcfusa sahip olan kom\u015fumuz \u0130ran\u2019da Farslardan ba\u015fka, T\u00fcrkmen, Ka\u015fkai, Azeri, Arap, K\u00fcrt, Lor, Tali\u015f, Bahtiyar ve Belu\u015f Halklar\u0131 ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. Bu halklar\u0131n farkl\u0131 dili ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, resmi dil Fars\u00e7a ve yaz\u0131 dili ise Arap\u00e7ad\u0131r. Eski ad\u0131yla Arya \u00fclkesi olan, daha sonra Eran, \u015fimdilerde de ad\u0131 \u0130ran olan bu co\u011frafya, pek \u00e7ok uygarl\u0131\u011fa ev sahipli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zg\u00fcn bir yeralt\u0131 su kanallar\u0131 sistemi olan \u0130ran Kar\u0131zlar\u0131-Qanatlar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc ve UNESCO\u2019n\u00fcn davetlisi olarak, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi temsilen\u00a0\u201cAnadolu Su Medeniyeti\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir bildiri sunmak ve ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en ba\u015fl\u0131kta \u00e7ekti\u011fim belgeseli g\u00f6stermek\u00a0\u00fczere; 11 y\u0131l sonra yeniden, k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zengin miras\u0131 olan kap\u0131 kom\u015fumuz \u0130ran<\/b>\u2019\u0131n Yazd \u015fehrine gittim. \u0130ran\u2019a vize uygulamas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, kara yolu ile de rahat\u00e7a gidiliyor. Kap\u0131 kom\u015fumuz \u0130ran, T\u00fcrk gezginleri bekliyor, yeniden\u2026<\/p>\n

\u0130ran, tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginlikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n say\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclkelerinden birisidir. \u0130pek yolunun baharat kokulu kervansaraylar\u0131n\u0131n mazgallar\u0131nda ve sutun ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda uyuyan \u015fiir; dolunaya inat, gece ku\u015flar\u0131 gibi ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131yor. \u015eiir \u00dclkesi\u2019nde ya\u015fam, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar uyurken ba\u015fl\u0131yor. T\u0131pk\u0131, bir \u015fiir kadar sevdi\u011fi \u00fclkesinin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel dokusunu ve t\u00fcm g\u00fczel insanlar\u0131 seven \u0130ran K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Tan\u0131tma Bakan\u0131 Mohammad Moezzodin, konu\u015fmam\u0131z s\u0131ras\u0131nda, g\u00fcven veren dost ve konuksever tavr\u0131yla, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ve \u00f6teki kom\u015fular\u0131na, bar\u0131\u015f ve karde\u015flik mesajlar\u0131 yolluyordu\u2026\u00a0 \u015eair ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, \u201cg\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc\u00a0 bar\u0131\u015f el\u00e7isi\u201d \u00f6zelli\u011fini biliyor; b\u00f6lge ve d\u00fcnya bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in destek istiyordu. Ya\u015fas\u0131n, sanat\u0131n gizli g\u00fcc\u00fc!\u2026<\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Hatemi Y\u00f6netimi, halktan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 destekle Suudi yanl\u0131s\u0131 mollalara kar\u015f\u0131, \u0130slam\u0131 \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f yorumlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen \u0130ranl\u0131 Ayd\u0131nlar ve \u015eairler, gelece\u011fe umutla bak\u0131yor. B\u00f6lgede bar\u0131\u015f ve karde\u015fli\u011fin \u00f6r\u00fclmesi i\u00e7in, kendilerine b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6rev d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne inan\u0131yorlar. \u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcr\u201d ortak paydas\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiyeli meslekta\u015flar\u0131na (bizlere), \u015fiir-eli uzat\u0131yorlar\u2026\u201dYar\u0131n ge\u00e7 olabilir, hemen \u015fimdi!\u2026\u201d diyorlar.<\/p>\n

Ortak k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u0130ranl\u0131larla T\u00fcrkleri kayna\u015ft\u0131ran pek \u00e7ok \u015fey var. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda hi\u00e7 ku\u015fkusuz, \u015fiir gelir. Sel\u00e7uklu ve Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerinde yaz\u0131l\u0131 edebiyat\u0131n ve\u00a0 g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n bizzat i\u00e7inde olan Fars\u00e7a, bu g\u00fcn bile konu\u015ftu\u011fumuz s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin y\u00fczde 30\u2019unu buluyor. B\u00f6lgedeki tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel dokuyu bilmek i\u00e7in mutlaka Fars\u00e7a kaynaklara ba\u015fvurmak gerekli. Bu ger\u00e7ek \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6zel olarak da T\u00fcrk \u015eiiri\u2019nin k\u00f6klerini \u00f6\u011frenmek istiyorsak; mutlaka kap\u0131 kom\u015fumuz \u0130ran\u2019a ve Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu\u2019nun \u015fiir ba\u015fkenti olan \u015eiraz\u2019a gitmeliyiz.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u0130ster kafir ol, ister M\u00fcsl\u00fcm \/ gel, yine de gel\u201d diyen ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131yla birlikte, karde\u015f\u00e7e ya\u015famaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ran ve eserlerini Fars\u00e7a yazan Mevlana\u2019y\u0131 ve de a\u015fk\u0131n \u015fairi Hayyam\u2019\u0131 yak\u0131ndan tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in hemen \u015eiraz\u2019a gidin. Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz hafta gitti\u011fim Tahran, \u0130sfahan ve \u015eiraz gezim, pek \u00e7ok \u015fey \u00f6\u011fretti. Bunlar\u0131 siz \u015fiir dostlar\u0131yla payla\u015fmak istedim. Atalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n konaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak da kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 etkilendi\u011fimiz bu co\u011frafya, nice uygarl\u0131klara tan\u0131kl\u0131k etmi\u015f. Bunun izlerini g\u00f6rmek olduk\u00e7a heyacan verici\u2026 \u015eiraz yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan, \u201cYurt\u201d denen kara k\u0131l \u00e7ad\u0131rlarda yufka a\u00e7\u0131p, yay\u0131k ayran\u0131 ile tereya\u011f yapan, geleneksel giysili Horasanl\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7er Ka\u015fkai Y\u00f6r\u00fckleri, \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u00e7alg\u0131lar\u0131 e\u015fli\u011finde s\u00f6yledi\u011fi Zazaca ve \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u00e7e t\u00fcrk\u00fcler ve maniler, bir ba\u015fka ya\u015fayan-canl\u0131 kaynakt\u0131. \u00d6te yandan Persepolis kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, Sadi \u015eirazi ve Haf\u0131z-i k\u00fclliyesi ile \u015eiraz Kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise, bir ba\u015fka k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginlik olarak sizi bekliyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eiraz\u2019da iki ki\u015fiden biri, ya \u015fair ya da \u015fark\u0131c\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n

Newyork\u2019ta bulunan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler binas\u0131n\u0131n duvar\u0131nda, d\u00fcnyaca \u00fcnl\u00fc \u0130ranl\u0131 \u015fiar Haf\u0131z-\u0131 \u015eirazi\u2019nin \u015fu dizelerini okuyabiliriz:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00dczerinde g\u00f6n\u00fcl meyveleri yeti\u015fen dostluk a\u011fac\u0131 dik,<\/p>\n

Say\u0131s\u0131z \u00e7ileler getiren d\u00fc\u015fmanl\u0131k fidan\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6k\u00fcnden s\u00f6k.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u0130ran uzak de\u011fil!\u2026<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya cenneti \u0130stanbul ile Tahran aras\u0131nda bir bu\u00e7uk saatlik zaman fark\u0131 bulunuyor. (IRANAIR)\u0130ran Havayollar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 420 ki\u015filik konforlu ve g\u00fcvenli \u201cairbus\u201d u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ile mavi bulutlar\u0131 kucaklay\u0131p ilerliyoruz. U\u00e7akta, ba\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc g\u00fczel hosteslerin elinden alkols\u00fcz bira ve zam zam kolas\u0131 i\u00e7erken; Van G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00fczerinde, 11 bin metre kotunda \u015fiirle\u015fmek ne g\u00fczel\u2026<\/p>\n

Olcayto mimari gizeminin ard\u0131ndan, son Nevruz \u015f\u00f6leninde k\u0131nal\u0131 ellerinde kutsal lotos \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ile size el sallayan direksiyon ba\u015f\u0131ndaki bir Fars g\u00fczeli ile 10, 20, 30 g\u00fcnl\u00fck yasal nikah yapt\u0131rarak kal\u0131c\u0131 dostluklar kurmak da olanakl\u0131.\u00a0 Yeterki, yasalar\u0131 \u00e7i\u011fnemeyin. Bayanlarda ba\u015f a\u00e7mak, alkol kullanmak, zina ve h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n; ba\u015fta s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck olmak \u00fczere, rengarenk ba\u015f \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc makyajl\u0131 bak\u0131ml\u0131 g\u00fczel bayanlar, resmi ve \u00f6zel her t\u00fcr i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fyerlerinde namaz k\u0131lma zorunlulu\u011fu yok. \u0130steyen k\u0131l\u0131yor ya da k\u0131lm\u0131yor. \u0130ran\u2019da yabanc\u0131larla evlenmekte bir sak\u0131nca yok. Aksine, d\u00fcnyaya a\u00e7\u0131lmak ve kayna\u015fmak i\u00e7in bunun gerekli oldu\u011funu dile getiriyorlar. Zerd\u00fc\u015ft Ate\u015fgah\u0131\u2019na ya da Ermeni kilisesine de \u00f6zg\u00fcrce gidebilirsiniz. Ba\u015fkent Tahran\u2019\u0131n kuzeyinde bulunan teleferikli Derbent Deresi\u2019nde, g\u00fcn\u00fcn her saati yavuklunuzla birlikte ba\u015f ba\u015fa geleneksel abdu\u015ft, \u00e7elo kebap, yezd, gez, sohan ve mika noga gibi \u0130ran yemekleri, g\u0131rtlama\u00a0 \u00e7ay ve nargile fokurdatarak felekten bir g\u00fcn \u00e7alabilmek, size t\u00fcm yorgunlu\u011funuzu unutturacakt\u0131r. Hatta, \u201cBenim g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn bebe\u011fi \/ senin yuvan olsun \/ l\u00fctfet de i\u00e7ine gir \/ bu ev senindir.\u201d diyen, Haf\u0131z \u015eirazi\u2018nin s\u00f6zlerine uyup, sevdi\u011finin g\u00f6z evine giren a\u015f\u0131klara tan\u0131k olursunuz. Ya da , yan\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda oturan s\u00fcrmeli, iri kara g\u00f6zleri g\u00fclen makyajl\u0131, bak\u0131ml\u0131 ve mavi ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc e\u011freti duran g\u00fczel K\u00fcrt k\u0131z\u0131 \u015eilan (k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 da\u011f \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi) ve yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 ni\u015fanl\u0131s\u0131\u00a0 Soran(bir g\u00f6\u00e7ebe kavim ad\u0131)\u2019n\u0131n kumrular gibi kokla\u015farak \u015fiirle\u015ftiklerini g\u00f6zlemleyebilirsiniz. Sonra, Tahran\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p g\u00fcneye do\u011fru yol ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, tarihin ba\u015fkenti \u0130sfahan\u2019la kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yorsunuz. Sultanlar\u0131, \u015eahlar\u0131, Padi\u015fahlar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f \u0130sfahan. G\u00fcn g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olaylar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f. Tarihin en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00f6netimlerine ev sahipli\u011fi yapm\u0131\u015f. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender\u2019den, Sel\u00e7uklu Sultanlar\u0131\u2019na kadar nicelerini konuk etmi\u015f. \u0130ran:\u00a0 \u0130sfahan\u2019da, T\u00fcrkiye aleyhine propaganda kasetleri g\u00f6steren Ermeni M\u00fczesi\u2019nden, 12 bin \u00f6k\u00fcz derisi \u00fczerine yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kutsal AVESTA kitab\u0131na inanan ve \u201cDo\u011fru d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn, g\u00fczel konu\u015f, iyi uygula\u201d felsefesini ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imi olarak alg\u0131layan ate\u015fperest Zerd\u00fc\u015ftlere dek, pek \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcre ev sahipli\u011fi yap\u0131yor. \u0130ran\u2019da alt\u0131 eyaletten biri olan K\u00fcrdistan Eyaleti\u2019ndeki kendi dillerinde yay\u0131n yapan televizyon, radyo ve gazetelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve onlar\u0131n ya\u015famas\u0131na olanak sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u0130slamiyet \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrlere yol\u00a0 g\u00f6stermi\u015f. Ba\u015fkent Tahran\u2019da, Gandi Caddesi\u2019nde bulunan kuyumcular, l\u00fcks t\u00fcketim ma\u011fazalar\u0131nda al\u0131\u015f veri\u015f yapan ve son model otomobil ve jiplerle trafi\u011fi alt \u00fcst eden \u0130ran sosyeteleri; \u015eah R\u0131za Pehlevi\u2019nin d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131nda arta kalan Nievvaran Saray\u0131\u2019ndaki k\u00fclt\u00fcr kompleksini k\u0131skan\u0131yor. Ama, Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu tarihinin be\u015fi\u011fi olan Isfahan\u2019da, sesin ve \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n dans etti\u011fi akostik mucizeler, Abbasi k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bir ba\u015fka gizemini belgeliyor.<\/p>\n

\u0130sfahan, \u015eiraz\u2019a a\u00e7\u0131lan bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr kap\u0131s\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u015eiirin ba\u015fkenti \u015eiraz; a\u015fk, \u015fiir ve gizemli ya\u015fam\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131. Sadi \u015eirazi\u2019nin, Haf\u0131z\u2019\u0131n vatan\u0131. \u201cBostan\u201d\u0131n ye\u015ferdi\u011fi, \u201cG\u00fclistan\u201d\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7ek a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer. Sanki d\u00fcnyada ilk a\u015fk \u015eiraz\u2019da ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f, \u201cHaf\u0131z\u201d\u0131n \u015fiir dizelerinde. \u201cBostan\u201ddan bir demet al. \u201cG\u00fclistan\u201dda seyreyle. \u201cHaf\u0131z\u201dla hem dem ol. \u201cSadi\u201d ile sohbet eyle\u2026<\/p>\n

\u0130ran \u015eiiri\u2019nin tarihi k\u00f6kleri:<\/p>\n

\u0130ran ya da Fars \u015fiirini \u00fc\u00e7 d\u00f6nemde ele almak gerekli: \u0130slamiyet \u00f6ncesi \u0130ran \u015fiiri M.\u00d6. 6. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015flar. Bu d\u00f6nemde, \u00f6zellikle Eski Fars ve Sasani edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Zerd\u00fc\u015ftl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kutsal kitab\u0131\u00a0 AVESTA,\u00a0 \u0130ran Edebiyat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ve \u00f6zel olarak da \u0130ran \u015eiiri\u2019nin en eski \u00f6rneklerinden say\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0 Eski, Orta ve Yeni Fars\u00e7a yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0130ran \u015eiiri\u2019nin t\u00fcm\u00fc, asl\u0131nda \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 olarak iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde ele al\u0131nmal\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130slamiyet sonras\u0131 \u0130ran \u015fiiri ise, Sasani H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 3. Yezdegerd\u2019in 651\u2019de Araplara yenilmesiyle ba\u015flar. \u0130ranl\u0131lar\u0131n \u0130slamiyeti kabullenmesiyle daha da \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde, Pehlevi yaz\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p Arap harfleriyle yaz\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Her alanda h\u0131zl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fikliklere kar\u015f\u0131n, Zerd\u00fc\u015ftli\u011fin etkisiyle ate\u015fe tapan \u0130ranl\u0131lar, kendi k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerini, \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131, destanlar\u0131n\u0131, efsanelerini ve \u015fiirlerini ya\u015fatt\u0131lar. 200 y\u0131l s\u00fcren Arap istilas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, \u0130ranl\u0131lar ulusal dillerini korudular. B\u00f6ylece Fars\u00e7a, edebiyat\u0131n dili olarak kabul g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve ilk Fars\u00e7a \u015fiir s\u00f6yleyen dilbilgini Ebu H\u0131fs Sogdi (9.yy.) ve Abbas Merzevi\u2019dir (\u00d6.816).<\/p>\n

Mo\u011fol sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131ndan ka\u00e7an \u015fairlerin bir s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma merkezi olan \u0130ran topraklar\u0131, yak\u0131n do\u011funun da k\u00fclt\u00fcr merkezi olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini korudu. \u015eiirin ba\u015fkenti \u015eiraz, bu anlamda \u015fiirsel bak\u0131mdan, d\u00fcn\u00fc yar\u0131na ba\u011flama i\u015flevi g\u00f6rmektedir. \u00d6zellikle Gazneliler d\u00f6neminde, d\u00fcnya edebiyat\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunan \u00f6nemli \u015fairler yeti\u015fti. Bu d\u00f6nemde \u015fiir, bi\u00e7im ve i\u00e7erik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tam bir olgunlu\u011fa ula\u015ft\u0131ysa da, \u015fiir t\u00fcrlerinde \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmad\u0131. \u015eairler kaside, gazel, k\u0131ta, mesnevi ve rubai tarz\u0131nda yap\u0131tlar verdiler. Bu d\u00f6nemin yenili\u011fi ise, musammat tarz\u0131yd\u0131. Firdevsi ve Unsuri, d\u00f6nemin \u00f6rnek \u015fairlerindendir.<\/p>\n

Mavera\u00fcnnehir, Horasan, Kirman, Irak, Azerbaycan ve Anadolu\u2019da egemen olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Sel\u00e7uklular d\u00f6neminde, \u0130ran \u015fiiri en \u00fcst \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini verdi. \u015eair ve yazarlar\u0131 \u00f6zendiren Sultan ve Vezirler sayesinde, h\u00fck\u00fcmet merkezleri \u015fairlarin topland\u0131klar\u0131 yerler durumuna geldi. B\u00fcy\u00fck kentlerde Nizamiye medreseleri kuruldu. Buralarda tasavvuf \u015fairleri yeti\u015fti. Kom\u015fu devletlerden ka\u00e7an \u015fairleri de koruyan Sel\u00e7uklular d\u00f6neminde mesnevi, gazel, k\u0131ta, rubai, kaside ve hapsi yatlar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan \u00fcnl\u00fc \u015fairler yeti\u015fti. Baba Tahir ve \u015eirazi secili ve uyakl\u0131 d\u00fcz yaz\u0131n\u0131n(serbest vezin \u015fiirin) ilk temsilcisi\u00a0 Abdullah Ensari(\u00f6.1088) bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bu iki d\u00f6nemin ba\u015fta gelen \u015fairlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Mevlana, \u00d6mer Hayyam, \u015eah \u0130smail, Sam Mirza, \u015eirazl\u0131 Sadi, Sultan Veled, Humam Tebrizi, \u015eebisteri, Kemalettin \u0130sfahani, \u0130mam R\u0131za, Ahmet Yesevi, Hac\u0131 Bekta\u015f Veli, Attar, Firdevsi, Fuzuli, Nizami, \u015eehriya, Ebu H\u0131fs Sogdi, Abbas Merzevi, Hanzala Badgisi, Mahmud Verrak Herevi, Ebu S\u00fcleyk C\u00fcrcani, Firuz Ma\u015fkuri, Muhammed bin Vas\u0131f, Ebu \u015eek\u00fcr Belhi, Rudeki, Munc\u0131k, Reynaki, Ebu Mansur, Ferruhi, Unsuri, Esedi, Senai, Baba Tahir, Abdullah Ensari, Naz\u0131r H\u00fcsrev, Azraki, Muizzi, Esedi, Vatvat, Hakani, Enveri, Feleki \u015eirvani, \u0130raki, Mecd Hemger,\u00a0 Hacu-yi Kirmani, Haf\u0131z, Kemal Hocendi, Necmettin Razi, Allaettin Keykubad, Baba Figani, Ali \u015eir Nevai, Ne\u015fat, Visal \u015eirazi ve Sad\u0131k bin Mehdi\u2026<\/p>\n

\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130ran \u015eiiri D\u00f6nemi, asl\u0131nda,, 1906\u2019da me\u015frutiyetin ilan\u0131 ile ba\u015flar. Bu d\u00f6nemde, \u0130ranl\u0131 \u015fairlerin bir \u00e7o\u011fu Avrupal\u0131 \u015fairlerin etkisinde kalarak onlar\u0131n tarz\u0131nda \u015fiirler yazd\u0131lar. E\u015fitlik, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, vatanseverlik ve devrimcilik \u015fiirde en \u00e7ok i\u015flenen konular oldu. Genellikle halk\u0131n gereksinimine ve be\u011fenisine uygun olmayan, belli bir s\u0131n\u0131fa y\u00f6nelik eski \u015fiirler b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Halk\u0131n anlayaca\u011f\u0131 bir dille, toplumsal i\u00e7erikli \u015fiirler yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Yeni ve uygar tarzda edebiyat okullar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Bat\u0131dan ve d\u00fcnya klasiklerinden \u00fcnl\u00fc \u015fiir kitaplar\u0131 \u00e7evrildi. Baz\u0131 \u015fairler aruz vezniyle \u015fiir yazmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, bir\u00e7ok \u015fair serbest \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcy\u00fc kullanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130ran \u015eiiri\u2019nin do\u011fu\u015funda T\u00fcrk \u015eiiri\u2019nin b\u00fcy\u00fck etkisi oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Me\u015frutiyet d\u00f6neminde yeti\u015fen \u0130ran \u015fairlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu, Avrupa ile ili\u015fkilerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, ilk konak yeri durumundaki \u0130stanbul\u2019da uzun s\u00fcre kalm\u0131\u015flar. Hatta burada, bir\u00e7ok edebiyat dergisi yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Burada T\u00fcrk \u015eiiri\u2019nden esinlenmi\u015fler ve bu d\u00f6nemde; Fars\u00e7a \u015fiir, hem bi\u00e7im, hem de i\u00e7erik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Aruz, yava\u015f yava\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rken, \u015fiirin konusunu da toplumsal olaylar olu\u015fturmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu d\u00f6nemin ba\u015fta gelen \u015fairleri ise \u015funlard\u0131r: Ummid, \u0130rec Mirza, Muhammed Taki, Bahar, Pervin \u0130tisami, Hanleri, Furug Ferruhzad ve Nima Yusic ise 20.y\u00fczy\u0131ldaki belli ba\u015fl\u0131 temsilcilerindendir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6te yandan, Nima Yusi\u00e7 ad\u0131 ile \u00fcn yapan Ali \u0130sfandiyari(1897-1953), \u015fiirde \u201cyeni dalga\u201d ad\u0131 ile\u00a0 bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7t\u0131. \u015eiirle ilgili ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 ve bi\u00e7imsel nitelikteki t\u00fcm kurallar\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, \u015fairin i\u00e7ine do\u011fdu\u011fu, akl\u0131na geldi\u011fi gibi yazmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerdi. Ali \u0130sfandiyari\u2019nin ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ak\u0131m\u0131 Tevell\u00fcli, Nadirpur, \u015eamlu, Ahavan-\u0131 Salis ve Ferruhzade gibi \u015fairler geli\u015ftirdiler.<\/p>\n

Bu gelene\u011fin takip\u00e7isi ve \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130ran \u015eiiri\u2019nin ustalar\u0131ndan olan \u015eiraz \u015eairler Derne\u011fi ikinci ba\u015fkan\u0131 Sedra Zulriasetin ise, \u0130ran\u2019da \u00e7ok okunan ASIR Gazetesi\u2019nin \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcr-sanat\u201d sayfas\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanan, esin kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi\u011fi T\u00fcrk \u015eairi Naz\u0131m Hikmet i\u00e7in \u00f6vg\u00fc dolu yaz\u0131lar ve se\u00e7ki \u015fiirlerle, T\u00fcrk-\u0130ran dostlu\u011funa ve b\u00f6lgede esen bar\u0131\u015f r\u00fczgar\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunman\u0131n doyumuna ula\u015f\u0131yor. \u015eiir yazan, d\u00fcnya g\u00fczeli ikiz k\u0131z torunu ile \u00f6v\u00fcnen, Naz\u0131m Hikmet ve Orhan Veli hayran\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen \u015fair Zulriasetin, \u201c\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u00fcrk \u015eairleri\u201d ile tan\u0131\u015fmak istedi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. \u201c\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130ran \u015eiir Antolojisi\u201d kitab\u0131 ise, \u00e7ok okunan kitaplar aras\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7evrilen ve Cem Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131\u015fa sunulan \u201cK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kara Bal\u0131k\u201d ve \u201cBir \u015eeftali Bin \u015eeftali\u201d isimli \u00e7ocuk masallar\u0131 kitaplar\u0131yla tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z,\u00a0 \u015eah rejimine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in 1968 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclerek Aras nehrine at\u0131lan \u00fcnl\u00fc yazar Samed Behrengi\u2019nin kitaplar\u0131 ise, unutulmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f. Ele\u015ftirmenler, \u201cBehrengi modas\u0131 ge\u00e7ti(!)\u201d diyorlar. \u00d6te yandan, bir yoksul dervi\u015f gibi ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olan \u015fair Khomeini\u2019nin dizeleri, her ya\u015ftan \u0130ranl\u0131\u2019n\u0131n dilinden d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\u015eiirin ba\u015fkenti kabul edilen \u015eiraz\u2019da, her y\u0131l geleneksel olarak d\u00fczenlenen \u201cUlusal ve Uluslar aras\u0131 Sadi \u015eirazi \u015eiir Yar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya \u015fairlerini birle\u015ftiriyor. Kirlenen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bar\u0131\u015f el\u00e7isi olan \u015fairler, \u015eiraz\u2019da bir araya gelerek; \u015fiirin i\u00e7eri\u011fini, bi\u00e7imini ve konusunu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yorlar. A\u015fk\u0131, sevday\u0131, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve insandan yana olan her \u015feyi \u015fiire konu edip; kirliliklere, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklere ve d\u00fc\u015fmanlara \u015fiir-oku\u2019nu f\u0131rlat\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n

Yak\u0131n Do\u011fu\u2019nun k\u00fclt\u00fcr ba\u015fkenti \u015eiiristan \u015eiraz\u2019da, \u201cSobeh heyr\u201d ya da \u201cG\u00fcnayd\u0131n\u201d demeden \u00f6nce; Hayyam, Mevlana, Behrengi, \u015eirazl\u0131 Sadi ya da \u015fiir okuman\u0131n keyfini \u00e7\u0131karal\u0131m, yeniden\u2026<\/p>\n

DURSUN \u00d6ZDEN<\/p>\n

ozdendursun@gmail.com<\/p>\n

yoleribelgesel@yandex.com<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

$\"\"$ <\/a> $\"\"$ <\/a> $\"\"$ <\/a> $\"\"$ <\/a> $\"\"$ <\/a> $\"\"$ <\/a> $\"\"$ <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"