{"id":3594,"date":"2016-09-25T15:55:55","date_gmt":"2016-09-25T12:55:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/?p=3594"},"modified":"2016-11-26T21:42:58","modified_gmt":"2016-11-26T19:42:58","slug":"biz-bir-millet-iki-devletiz-diyen-azerbaycani-taniyalim-yeniden","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/?p=3594","title":{"rendered":"Bak\u00fc’de toplanan “\u0130yi Niyet Konferans\u0131” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131; \u201c\u0130slam-ter\u00f6r-darbe”"},"content":{"rendered":"

$\"14567332_10207606738666110_2053761135159960005_o\"$ <\/a> $\"bak\u00fc$ $\"14449814_10207606719145622_543222670838026605_n\"$ $\"14469609_10207606750426404_2946047433684542477_n\"$ <\/a> $\"14484813_10207606746586308_1869863629191697131_n\"$ <\/a> $\"14567332_10207606738666110_2053761135159960005_o\"$ <\/a> $\"14523186_10207629132905952_4557951842830811289_n\"$ <\/a> $\"14502803_10207597739521137_4698013430217311620_n\"$ <\/a> $\"14563345_10207629125465766_8061637080801174647_n\"$ <\/a> $\"14523180_10207629902405189_9048588050598143187_n\"$ <\/a><\/b><\/p>\n

Bak\u00fc’de 2-4 Ekim 2016’da toplanan “\u0130slam \u00dclkeleri Gazeteciler Birli\u011fi” 1. Konferans\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131: “\u0130yi Niyet” etkinli\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda; T\u00fcrkiye’yi temsilen yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m konu\u015fmada: “\u0130slam, ter\u00f6r ve darbe” konusunda, vah\u015fi kapitalizmin servis etti\u011fi ve destekledi\u011fi, bat\u0131 merkezli yalan ve yanl\u0131\u015f haberler, ter\u00f6rden T\u00fcrkiye’yi y\u0131kamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayan karanl\u0131k kirli g\u00fc\u00e7lerin, 15 Temmuz Fetocu darbe giri\u015fimi de sonu\u00e7 vermedi… Biz binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r aral\u0131ks\u0131z ya\u015fatt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z zengin T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc miras\u0131 yan\u0131 s\u0131ra; kesintisiz devlet, maliye ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ordu gelene\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren “iki devlet bir milletiz” T\u00fcrkiye’yi ter\u00f6re ve darbeye yedirmeyiz… \u00a0Toplant\u0131 sonu\u00e7 bildirgesi yay\u0131nland\u0131…<\/p>\n

Toplant\u0131ya ev sahipli\u011fi yapan Azerbaycan’\u0131 tan\u0131yal\u0131m…<\/p>\n

Kemal Atat\u00fcrk:<\/b> “Azerbaycan’\u0131n sevinci bizim sevincimiz, kederi bizim kederimizdir.” Haydar Aliyev:<\/b> “Biz bir millet, iki devletiz.” Ebulfez El\u00e7ibey<\/b>: “\u0130ki karde\u015fin yan yana ayr\u0131 devletler kurdu\u011fu nerede g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Azerbaycan ve T\u00fcrkiye olarak en k\u0131sa zamanda birle\u015fmeliyiz.” Naz\u0131m Hikmet<\/b> ise \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cBen T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fan, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e okuyan ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazan bir T\u00fcrk \u015fairiyim. \u015eimdi karde\u015flerimin ve yolda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131n aras\u0131nday\u0131m, Bak\u00fc\u2019deyim. Ben bu yoldan 30 y\u0131l \u00f6ncede ge\u00e7tim. T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n kalbi Bak\u00fc\u2019de at\u0131yor. Zengin T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc miras\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bak\u00fc\u2019den \u0130stanbul\u2019a selam olsun!..\u201d Devlet ve sanat adamlar\u0131n\u0131n bu anlaml\u0131 s\u00f6zleri, \u00fclkelerimiz aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131n derinli\u011fini anlatm\u0131\u015flar. Ne g\u00fczel\u2026<\/p>\n

\u201cUluslararas\u0131 \u0130slam ve T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131 Devletleri Gazeteciler Birli\u011fi\u201dnin d\u00fczenledi\u011fi; \u201c\u0130yi Niyet Konferans\u0131 ve M\u00fc\u015fveret \u015euras\u0131\u201dn\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f, karde\u015flik ve sevgi odakl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in alk\u0131\u015fl\u0131yoruz. Eski bir dostum ve de\u011ferli karde\u015fim Faz\u0131l Abbasov ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, eme\u011fi ge\u00e7en herkese te\u015fekk\u00fcr ediyorum. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n 99 haline tan\u0131kl\u0131k eden gezgin bir T\u00fcrk \u015fairi olarak, i\u00e7imizi serinleten r\u00fczgar g\u00fcl\u00fc Bak\u00fc\u2019den t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya sesleniyoruz. Silahlar sussun. \u0130nsanlar \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesin. Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve nefes ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z do\u011fa ve \u00e7evre yok olmas\u0131n. Darbeye ve ter\u00f6re dur demek i\u00e7in; dayan\u0131\u015fmal\u0131y\u0131z ve sevgide odaklanmal\u0131y\u0131z. Bu konferans\u0131n t\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011fa, \u0130slam ve T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131na karde\u015flik, huzur, bereket, bar\u0131\u015f ve sevgi getirmesini diliyorum. B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk \u015fairi Yunus Emre\u2019nin \u015fu s\u00f6z\u00fcyle sizleri selaml\u0131yorum: SEVG\u0130M\u0130Z\u0130 SEB\u0130L EYLEYEL\u0130M!..<\/p>\n

Karde\u015f Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131 tan\u0131yal\u0131m, yeniden\u2026<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan resm\u00ee ad\u0131yla Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti (Azericesi: Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131), G\u00fcney Kafkasya’da bir devlet. Kuzeyde Rusya, kuzey bat\u0131da G\u00fcrcistan, g\u00fcney bat\u0131da Ermenistan, g\u00fcneyde \u0130ran ve g\u00fcney bat\u0131da T\u00fcrkiye (Nahcivan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131) ile kom\u015fudur. Do\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 Hazar Denizi \u00e7izmektedir. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Avrupa ve bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Asyadad\u0131r. Ba\u015fkenti Bak\u00fc’d\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan n\u00fcfusu;<\/b> dokuz milyon be\u015f y\u00fcz otuz yedi bin sekiz y\u00fcz yirmi \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi<\/p>\n

2014 y\u0131l\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re Azerbaycan’\u0131n n\u00fcfusu 9,537,823 ki\u015fidir. 1960 y\u0131l\u0131nda 3,897,889 olan Azerbaycan’\u0131n n\u00fcfusu, 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda 5,178,160, 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda 6,163,990 ve 1990 y\u0131l\u0131nda 7,159,000 ki\u015fi olmu\u015ftur. Azerbaycan’\u0131n 2000 y\u0131l\u0131 n\u00fcfusu ise 7,159,000 ki\u015fiydi.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan hakk\u0131nda genel bilgiler<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n Hazar Denizine bakan g\u00fcneydo\u011fu eteklerinde kurulan \u00fclkelerden biri. Bat\u0131s\u0131nda Ermenistan, kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131nda G\u00fcrcistan, g\u00fcneyinde \u0130ran, do\u011fusunda Hazar Denizi yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan ad\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6keni<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6keni konusunda bir\u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda \u00f6nde gelen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler \u015funlard\u0131r: 1. Eski Aslar\u0131n ad\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r ve \u201cAser yurdu\u201d, \u201cAserler yurdu\u201d demektir. 2. Ahameni\u015f \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nda Medya b\u00f6lgesine valilik yapm\u0131\u015f ve imparatorlu\u011fun B\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skender taraf\u0131ndan fethinden sonra g\u00f6revine devam etmi\u015f Atropat’\u0131n ad\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. 3. “Od” anlam\u0131ndaki \u201cazer\u201d s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden gelir ve Odlar Yurdu anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tarihi<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan, tarih sahnesinde M.\u00d6. 6. as\u0131rdan itibaren g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flar. Jeopolitik durumu itibariyle, devaml\u0131 istilalara u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7e\u015fitli devletlerin hakimiyeti alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6lgede kurulan ilk devlet, Ahameni Komutan\u0131 Sahrap Atropates’in temellerini att\u0131\u011f\u0131 krall\u0131kt\u0131r. Atropates Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ismi zamanla de\u011fi\u015fikliklere u\u011fram\u0131\u015f, Sasanilerce Azurbeycan, S\u00fcryanilerce Azerbaigan olarak isimlendirilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkler ve \u0130ranl\u0131lar ise b\u00f6lgeye Azerbaycan ismi vermi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Atropetes Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sonra b\u00f6lgeye s\u0131ras\u0131yla Selevkoslular, Ermeniler, Romal\u0131lar ve Sasaniler hakim olmu\u015flard\u0131r. T\u00fcrklerin buraya esasl\u0131 yerle\u015fmeleri M.S. 4. ve 5. as\u0131rlarda olmu\u015ftur. Daha sonra Sasani H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Nu\u015firevan b\u00f6lgeye \u0130ranl\u0131lar\u0131 yerle\u015ftirme politikas\u0131n\u0131 takip etmi\u015ftir. Yedinci as\u0131rdan itibaren b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye ba\u015flayan \u0130slam devleti Azerbaycan’\u0131 fethe ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu fetih hareketi, 643’te b\u00f6lge tamamen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n hakimiyeti alt\u0131na ge\u00e7mesiyle tamamland\u0131. Daha sonra Abbasiler buray\u0131 T\u00fcrk emirler vas\u0131tas\u0131yla idare ettiler. Abbasi Devletinin y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla, bu topraklarda birtak\u0131m yerli hanedanlar beylik kurdular. Yedinci as\u0131rdan itibaren Sel\u00e7uklu Ak\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131 Azerbaycan’a girdiler. Fakat burada kesin bir hakimiyet tesis edemediler. 1015-1016’dan sonra buraya O\u011fuz boylar\u0131 yerle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. 1043 senesinde Tu\u011frul Bey, amcas\u0131 ve amcao\u011flunu buraya fethe g\u00f6nderdiyse de, Bizansl\u0131larla uzun s\u00fcren \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalardan bir netice al\u0131namad\u0131. Azerbaycan’\u0131n kesin Sel\u00e7uklu hakimiyeti alt\u0131na girmesi Sultan Alparslan devrinde olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’\u0131n konumu<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan, 12. ve 13. as\u0131rlar aras\u0131nda Atabegler ve Harezm\u015fahlar\u0131n hakimiyeti alt\u0131na girdi. Daha sonra Mo\u011follar, b\u00f6lgeye 1320’de girmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Cengiz’in burada hakimiyeti k\u0131sa s\u00fcrd\u00fc, Cengiz’in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra Azerbaycan Cuci milletinin istilas\u0131na u\u011frad\u0131. Onlardan sonra \u0130ranl\u0131lar\u0131n hakimiyetine giren Azerbaycan, bir s\u00fcre sonra da Alt\u0131nordu Devletinin hakimiyetine girdi. On alt\u0131nc\u0131 asr\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar bu istilalar devam etti. Azerbaycan’a ilk Osmanl\u0131 seferi ise 16. as\u0131rdan itibaren ba\u015flad\u0131. Yavuz Sultan Selim Han Safevilerle olan sava\u015flar\u0131 esnas\u0131nda, 1514’te Tebriz’i ald\u0131ysa da, \u015fehir tekrar Safevilerin eline ge\u00e7ti. 1534’te Kanuni Sultan S\u00fcleyman Han Tebriz’i ald\u0131 ve ertesi sene b\u00fct\u00fcn Azerbaycan’\u0131 fethetti. 1555’te \u00e7\u0131kan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sonucu Azerbaycan tekrar Safevilere ba\u011fland\u0131. Sultan \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Murad Han devrinde tekrar Osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

1539’dan sonra Azerbaycan’da muhtelif hanl\u0131klar kuruldu. Bunlarda karga\u015fal\u0131k; 19. asra kadar devam etti. Bu as\u0131rda baz\u0131 kalk\u0131nma hareketleri ba\u015flad\u0131ysa da, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ancak 20. asr\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Nihayet, 28 Nisan 1920’de k\u0131z\u0131lordunun istilas\u0131 ile Sovyet rejimi ilan edildi. Azerbaycan bug\u00fcnk\u00fc stat\u00fcye gelene kadar, G\u00fcrc\u00fcler-Ermeniler ile birlikte Kafkasya federasyonu \u015feklinde idare edildi.<\/p>\n

5 Aral\u0131k 1936’da topraklar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Ermenilere bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da G\u00fcrc\u00fclere verildi. B\u00f6ylece Kafkasya’da kalan Azerbaycan topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde G\u00fcrcistan, Ermenistan ve Azerbaycan olmak \u00fczere Rusya’ya ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 cumhuriyet kuruldu.<\/p>\n

Kom\u00fcnistlerin istilas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, milletin aras\u0131na bozuk fikirler yerle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu arada \u0130slamiyeti bozucu, reformist fikirler de geli\u015fti. Millet, bu reformistler ile kom\u00fcnistler aras\u0131nda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rd\u0131 ve kom\u00fcnizme kar\u015f\u0131 yap\u0131lan ba\u015fkald\u0131rmalar ba\u015flad\u0131. Ancak bunlar her defas\u0131nda \u00e7ok kanl\u0131 olarak k\u0131z\u0131lordu taraf\u0131ndan bast\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Kom\u00fcnistlere kar\u015f\u0131 56 \u015fiddetli isyan olmu\u015ftur. 1989’da Rusya’da ba\u015flayan Glasnost ve Prestroika politikas\u0131 ile Kuzey Azerbaycan’da maddi ve manevi de\u011ferlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131. Ermenilere verilen b\u00f6lgeleri geri almak i\u00e7in ayaklanmalar oldu. 1990’da ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan eden Azerbaycan Cumhuriyetine giren K\u0131z\u0131lordu, \u00fclkeyi ba\u015ftan ba\u015fa kana bulad\u0131. Sovyetler Birli\u011fi, bir s\u00fcre ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan cumhuriyetlerine kar\u015f\u0131 bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc ise de, A\u011fustos 1991’de Azerbaycan, Letonya, Estonya ve Litvanya ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ilan ettiler. Bunlar\u0131 di\u011fer T\u00fcrk devletleri takip etti. Azerbaycan ile Ermenistan aras\u0131nda Karaba\u011f y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131kan sava\u015f devam etmektedir. 1992 ortalar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan se\u00e7imleri kazanan Halk Cephesi lideri Ebulfeyz El\u00e7ibey devlet ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti<\/b><\/p>\n

Sovyetler Birli\u011fi’nin son d\u00f6neminde Ermenistan Sovyet Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin Azerbaycan Sovyet Cumhuriyeti\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f’da hak iddia etmesi etnik \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara yol a\u00e7t\u0131 ve bu karma\u015f\u0131k ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda 18 Ekim 1991\u2019de Azerbaycan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etti. Bu d\u00f6nemde iktidarda olan Azerbaycan Kom\u00fcnist Parti Genel Sekreteri Ayaz Mutallibov, ba\u011f\u0131msiz cumhuriyetin ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu, ancak Mart 1992\u2019de Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f\u2019daki Hocal\u0131 Katliam\u0131\u2019ndan sonra istifa vermeye zorland\u0131. \u015eu\u015fa ve La\u00e7\u0131n \u015fehirlerinin Ermeni silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerince i\u015fgalinden sonra ya\u015fanan derin bir istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k s\u00fcrecinden sonra 7 Haziran 1992\u2019de yap\u0131lan cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerini Azerbaycan Halk Cephesi’nin lideri Ebulfez El\u00e7ibey kazand\u0131. Bu d\u00f6nemde Ermeniler ve Azeriler aras\u0131nda \u015fiddetlen sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda Kelbecer rayonu i\u015fgal oldu. Haziran 1993\u2019te Gence \u015fehrinde S\u00fcret H\u00fcseynov liderli\u011finde silahl\u0131 isyan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve El\u00e7ibey yard\u0131m i\u00e7in Haydar Aliyev\u2019i Nah\u00e7\u0131van\u2019dan Bak\u00fc\u2019ye davet etti. Fakat Haydar Aliyev’in Bak\u00fc’ye gelince S\u00fcret H\u00fcseynov’u desteklemesi ve g\u00f6stericilerin Bak\u00fc\u2019ye y\u00fcr\u00fcmesi \u00fczerine, halktan umdu\u011fu deste\u011fi alamayan El\u00e7ibey, do\u011fum yeri olan Nah\u00e7ivan\u2019\u0131n Keleki k\u00f6y\u00fcne gitmi\u015ftir. Bu geli\u015fmeler \u00fczerine, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yetkileri Haydar Aliyev\u2019e devredilir. \u00dclkedeki siyasi istikrars\u0131zl\u0131ktan yararlanan Ermeni silahl\u0131 kuvvetleri Azerbaycan\u0131n A\u011fdam, Cebray\u0131l, F\u00fczuli, Kubadl\u0131, Zengilan rayonlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fgal etti. A\u011fustos 1993\u2019te referandum ile El\u00e7ibey’in g\u00f6revi resmen geri al\u0131nd\u0131 ve Ekim ay\u0131ndaki se\u00e7imlerde Haydar Aliyev %99 oyla Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi. Ermeni-Azeri sava\u015f\u0131 1994’te Rusya’n\u0131n dayatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ate\u015fkesle sona erdi.<\/p>\n

Daha sonra Haydar Aliyev S\u00fcret H\u00fcseynov’dan deste\u011fini \u00e7ekecek ve vatana ihanetten yarg\u0131lanan H\u00fcseynov m\u00fceebete mahkum olacakt\u0131r. 10 y\u0131l hapis yatt\u0131ktan sonra \u0130lham Aliyev taraf\u0131ndan 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda H\u00fcseynov’un cezas\u0131 affedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Co\u011frafya<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan 39\u00b0 24′ kuzey enlemleri ile 44\u00b0 46′ do\u011fu boylamlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki co\u011fraf\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye yerle\u015fmi\u015ftir. S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu 2013 km dir. Azerbaycan’\u0131n \u0130ran’la 611 km, T\u00fcrkiye ile 9 km, Rusya ile 284 km, G\u00fcrcistan ile 322 km ve Ermenistan ile 787 km s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 vard\u0131r. Do\u011fusunda ise Hazar Denizi ile \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir. Doruklar\u0131 5000 metrenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde ve buzul kapl\u0131 olan B\u00fcy\u00fck Kafkaslar, kara yolculu\u011funu \u00f6nemli derecede sekteye u\u011fratmaktad\u0131r. Azerbaycan’\u0131n y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc 86.600 km\u00b2dir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcneyde Ermenistan’ \u0131n da\u011f k\u00fctleleri, kuzeyde ise y\u00fcksek Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Azerbaycan’\u0131n da\u011flar\u0131; B\u00fcy\u00fck Kafkas S\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131 (4.000-5.000 m.) i\u00e7inde yeralan Bazard\u00fcz\u00fc (4.466 m), \u015eahda\u011f (4.243 m), Pazaryurdu (4.126 m), Tufan (4.191 m), Yar\u0131da\u011f (4.116 m), Ragdan (4.020 m) da\u011flar\u0131, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kafkas S\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yeralan Kap\u0131c\u0131k (3.906 m.), Gazangelda\u011f (3.829 m), Bi\u00e7enek A\u015f\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 (2.346 m), Karaba\u011f Volkanik Yaylas\u0131nda yeralan Delida\u011f\u0131 (3.616 m), Murovda\u011f silsilesinde yeralan Kam\u0131\u015fda\u011f (3.724 m), Hinal da\u011f\u0131 (3.367 m), Kepez (3.066 m), Zengezur S\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde yeralan B\u00fcy\u00fck I\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 (3.550 m), Tal\u0131\u015f S\u0131rada\u011flar\u0131 silsilesinde yeralan K\u00f6m\u00fcrk\u00f6y (2.493 m.) ve K\u0131zyurdu (2.433 m) da\u011flard\u0131r. Azerbaycan 657 metre deniz seviyesinden y\u00fcksektir ve topraklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu da\u011fl\u0131k alanlard\u0131r. Azerbaycan’\u0131n en uzun nehri 1.364 km Hazar Denizi’ne d\u00f6k\u00fclen Kura Nehri’dir. Aras Nehri ise 1.072 km’dir. En b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011fal g\u00f6l\u00fc 67, 0 km\u00b2 ile Sar\u0131su G\u00f6l\u00fc’d\u00fcr. En b\u00fcy\u00fck yapay g\u00f6l\u00fc 605, 0 km\u00b2 ile Minge\u00e7evir Baraj G\u00f6l\u00fc’d\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00c7evresinin da\u011flar ve y\u00fcksek tepelerle \u00e7evrili olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Azerbaycan’\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ovad\u0131r ve topraklar\u0131n\u0131n en verimli yerleri aras\u0131nda Kura ve Aras nehirlerinin kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 deltad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycanda \u0131l\u0131man bir iklim var\u0131d\u0131r fakat Hazar Denizinden i\u00e7eriye do\u011fru, y\u00fcksek da\u011flarda ve di\u011fer y\u00fcksek kesimlerde sert bir iklimle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kal\u0131n\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek kesimlerde k\u0131\u015flar uzun, so\u011fuk ve kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015fl\u0131, yazlar ise serin ge\u00e7er. Ovalarda ise k\u0131\u015flar serin ve ya\u011fmurlu ve bazen karl\u0131, yazlar s\u0131cak ve kurak ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan \u00fclkesi ovalarda genellikle bozk\u0131rd\u0131r, %25 ise bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc da\u011flarda olmak \u00fczere ormanlarlarla kapl\u0131d\u0131r. Kuzey ve g\u00fcney kesimlerinde da\u011flar\u0131n 2000 metre y\u00fcksekli\u011fine kadar ormanlar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Azerbaycan’\u0131n do\u011fal hayat\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011funlukla bulunan hayvanlar, k\u0131z\u0131l geyik, alageyik, karaca, da\u011f ke\u00e7isi, karapa\u00e7a, bizon, yaban domuzu, pars, Avrasya va\u015fa\u011f\u0131, yaban kedisi, boz ay\u0131, kurt, k\u0131z\u0131l tilki, da\u011f faresi, sincap, Kafkas k\u00f6stebe\u011fi Kafkas sivriburunlu faresi.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan iklimi d\u00fcnyadaki 11 iklim \u00e7e\u015fidinden 9’una sahiptir. Y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 10 \u00b0C’\u0131n \u00fczerindedir.<\/p>\n

Fiziki Yap\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’\u0131n topraklar\u0131n\u0131n % 40’\u0131nda fazla b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc verimli ovalardan meydana gelir. Bu alanlar\u0131n yar\u0131dan fazlas\u0131 400-1500 m y\u00fcksekliktedir. Topraklar\u0131n\u0131n kuzeyi yer yer 3000 metreyi a\u015fan Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131 ile kapl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu da\u011flar ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkenin kuzey s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 meydana getirir. Azerbaycan topraklar\u0131n\u0131n en y\u00fcksek noktas\u0131 Banard\u00fcz Tepesidir (4480 m). G\u00fcneybat\u0131 kesiminde ise K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kafkaslar yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hazar denizine ula\u015fan K\u0131z\u0131l\u00f6ren, Urmiye G\u00f6l\u00fcne uula\u015fan Ac\u0131\u00e7ay ve C\u0131gatu gibi akarsular, da\u011fl\u0131k k\u00fctleleri derin vadilerle yararak b\u00f6lgeye \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcneybat\u0131da 1566 m y\u00fckseklikte yer alan Urmiye G\u00f6l\u00fc, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kal\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6l\u00fc olan Hazar Denizinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Azerbaycan s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan\u0131n’\u0131n idari b\u00f6lgeleri<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti \u00fcniter devlettir. Rayon ad\u0131 verilen, il ve il\u00e7elere kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen idari b\u00f6lgelere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir \u00d6zerk Cumhuriyet , 66 rayon, 13 \u015fehir rayonu, 70 \u015fehir (11 b\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir) mevcuttur.<\/p>\n

Her rayon Azerbaycan Cumhuriyetinin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan atanan Rayon \u0130cra Hakimiyyetinin Ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 (rayon ba\u015fkan\u0131) taraf\u0131ndan idare edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f<\/b><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcz\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc: 4.388 km\u00b2<\/p>\n

N\u00fcfusu: 187.769 (1989 n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131; 145.403 ki\u015fi Ermeni + 40.316 ki\u015fi T\u00fcrk + 2050 ki\u015fi di\u011fer milletler olmakla )<\/p>\n

De jure olarak Azerbaycan’\u0131n topra\u011f\u0131 say\u0131lan Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f, Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u00fcvenlik Konseyi kararlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen de facto Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f Cumhuriyeti taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netmektedir. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 800.000 Azerbaycanl\u0131 b\u00f6lgeden g\u00f6\u00e7 ettirilmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f’da art\u0131k hemen hemen hi\u00e7 Azerbaycanl\u0131 ya\u015fayamamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130klim<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’\u0131n, kuzeyindeki Kafkas Da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n\u0131 kesmesi sebebiyle \u0131l\u0131k bir iklimi vard\u0131r. Il\u0131k iklim g\u00fcneybat\u0131da Lankeran b\u00f6lgesine kadar devam eder. G\u00fcneyde ise sert yayla iklimi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ya\u011fmurlar genellikle ilkbaharda ya\u011far.<\/p>\n

Tabii Kaynaklar<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan topraklar\u0131nda yer alan da\u011flar\u0131n hepsinin yama\u00e7lar\u0131 kay\u0131n, me\u015fe ve \u00e7am ormanlar\u0131 ile kapl\u0131d\u0131r. G\u00fcneyi ise bozk\u0131r g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcndedir.<\/p>\n

Ormanl\u0131k b\u00f6lgelerde Kafkas geyi\u011fi, karaca, Avrupa vizonu, k\u0131rke\u00e7isi, yabandomuzu, keklik, orman tavu\u011fu, va\u015fak, ay\u0131, pars gibi hayvanlara \u00e7ok bol rastlan\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Flamingo, ku\u011fu, pelikan, \u015fahin, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l gibi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli ku\u015f t\u00fcrleri k\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u0131l\u0131man olmas\u0131 sebebiyle Hazar Denizi k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda konaklarlar.<\/p>\n

N\u00fcfus ve Sosyal Hayat<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’da ya\u015fayan yakla\u015f\u0131k 9.000.000 (2010) n\u00fcfusun % 67.’sini Azeriler, % 12’sini Ermeniler % 13’\u00fcn\u00fc Ruslar, % 8’ini ise di\u011fer kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u0131rklar meydana getirmektedir. Ba\u015fkent Bak\u00fc’n\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00f6nemli \u015fehirleri Gence, Lenkeran, Sumgayt ve Minge\u00e7aur’dur. Azerbaycan’da ya\u015fayan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n % 70’i \u015fiidir. Rusya’n\u0131n esaretinden kurtulan Azerbaycan’da kapat\u0131lan camiler 1990 senesinden sonra h\u0131zla ibadete a\u00e7\u0131k hale getirildi. Bak\u00fc’de d\u00f6rt y\u0131ll\u0131k bir \u0130slam Akademisi kuruldu.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’\u0131n e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi \u00e7ok y\u00fcksektir. \u00d6nde gelen k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve e\u011fitim merkezi olan Bak\u00fc’de bir \u00fcniversite ile sekiz y\u00fcksek \u00f6\u011fretim kurumu vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ulus \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 olan Azeriler olu\u015fturuyor. Azerilerin son 50 y\u0131l da artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir ve di\u011fer etnik gruplar\u0131n say\u0131 ve oran olarak azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Ruslar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131nda son 30 y\u0131lda bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f vard\u0131r. 1979 y\u0131l\u0131nda 475, 300 ve 1989 y\u0131l\u0131nda 330.000 civar\u0131nda olan Rus n\u00fcfusunun say\u0131s\u0131 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda 141.700 seviyelerine kadar gerilemi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle 20 Ocak 1990 Olay\u0131ndan (Qara Yanvar; “Kara Ocak”) sonra Ruslar\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ermeniler \u00f6zellikle Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ya ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r veya ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f y\u00fcz\u00fcnden olu\u015fan gergilik ve sava\u015ftan \u00f6nce de 1979 y\u0131l\u0131nda 475, 500 civar\u0131nda olan Ermeni n\u00fcfusunun say\u0131s\u0131 1989 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde 390.500 seviyelerine kadar gerilemi\u015fti. Ermeni n\u00fcfusunun say\u0131s\u0131 1999 y\u0131l\u0131nda 120.700 seviyelerine kadar gerilemi\u015ftir ve Ermeniler taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fgal edilmi\u015f Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f’da ya\u015fayanlar\u0131 kapsar. Art\u0131k Azerbaycan’da Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hemen hemen hi\u00e7 Ermeni kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Toplam n\u00fcfus b\u00fcy\u00fcme oran\u0131 %0, 89’dur.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015f grubu – Toplam n\u00fcfustaki pay\u0131<\/p>\n

0-14 – 33.0<\/p>\n

15-29 – 28.9<\/p>\n

30-44 – 17.7<\/p>\n

45-59 – 12.0<\/p>\n

60 + – 8.4<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan n\u00fcfusunun %54 e yak\u0131n k\u0131sm\u0131 kentlerde, %46 ya yak\u0131n k\u0131sm\u0131da k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015famaktad\u0131r. \u015eehirle\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131 son d\u00f6nemlerde olduk\u00e7a yava\u015f seyretmekte olup, kentlere fazla h\u0131zl\u0131 olmasa bile g\u00f6\u00e7 almakta, ancak k\u0131rsal kesimde n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in denge s\u00fcrmektedir.<\/p>\n

Toplam n\u00fcfusun %60 a yak\u0131n k\u0131sm\u0131 30 ya\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Din<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti laik devlettir. Halk\u0131n %96’s\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman (\u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu \u015eii Caferi), %3-4’\u00fc H\u0131ristiyand\u0131r (\u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu Rus Ortodoks Kilisesi, G\u00fcrc\u00fc Ortodoks Kilisesi ve Malakan). \u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise Yahudidir. Fakat Azerbaycan’da dinsel ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k nominal oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, pratikteki taraftar oranlar\u0131 \u00e7ok daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’da n\u00fcfusun b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturan Azeriler, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmand\u0131rlar. Ancak yakla\u015f\u0131k 70 y\u0131ll\u0131k kom\u00fcnist y\u00f6netim taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan yo\u011fun ateizm propagandas\u0131 ile \u0130ran \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti’nden kaynaklanan k\u00f6ktendinci \u0130slami propagandaya kar\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fan tepki sebebiyle, dinsel y\u00f6neli\u015fler, \u0130slami bir nitelik kazanmaktan ziyade bir k\u00fclt\u00fcrel renk bi\u00e7iminde bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak bu, radikal k\u00f6ktendinci hareketlerin Azerbaycan’da bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmemektedir.<\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkanlar\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u0130lham Aliyev<\/p>\n

1. Ayaz Mutallibov – 1991-1992 2. Ebulfez El\u00e7ibey – 1992-1993 3. Haydar Aliyev – 1993-1998, 1998-2003 4. \u0130lham Aliyev – 2003-2008, 2008-?<\/p>\n

Siyasal ve sosyal yap\u0131lanmalar<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’da 53 parti ad\u0131n\u0131 kaydettirmi\u015ftir. (2008)<\/p>\n

Faaliyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren partilerin baz\u0131lar\u0131:<\/p>\n

Yeni Azerbaycan Partisi (\u0130ktidar)<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsavat Partisi<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan Halk Cephesi Partisi<\/p>\n

Ye\u015filler Partisi<\/p>\n

Demokratik Islahatlar Partisi<\/p>\n

\u00dcmit Partisi<\/p>\n

Ekonomi<\/b><\/p>\n

Topraklar\u0131n\u0131n % 7’si tar\u0131ma elveri\u015fli olan Azerbaycan’\u0131n ekonomisi petrole dayal\u0131d\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n belli ba\u015fl\u0131 petrol \u00fcreticisi \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Petrol kuyular\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 Ap\u015feron Yar\u0131madas\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131kar\u0131lan petrol borularla i\u015flenmek \u00fczere Bak\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndaki \u00c7ernagorod’a nakledilir. Ayr\u0131ca Bak\u00fc 890 kilometrelik bir boru hatt\u0131 ile Batum’a ba\u011flan\u0131r. Petrolden sonra en \u00f6nemli gelir kayna\u011f\u0131 do\u011fal gazd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6steren Azerbaycan sanayisinin temelini enerji, imalat ve kimya sanayi meydana getirir. G\u00fcbre, tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131, yak\u0131t, sanayi ya\u011flar\u0131, sun’i kau\u00e7uk ve plastik sanayii geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

D\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi en \u00f6nemli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden biri de petrol arama ve \u00e7\u0131kartma makinalar\u0131d\u0131r. Termik santrallerden elde etti\u011fi elektri\u011fin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 satar.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nemli sanayi merkezleri Hazar Denizi k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Ap\u015feron’da toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sungait kimya ve demir-\u00e7elik sanayiinin merkezidir. \u015eirvan’da ise tar\u0131ma dayal\u0131 sanayi geli\u015fmi\u015f olup, \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00e7\u0131r\u00e7\u0131r fabrikalar\u0131yla pamuk\u00e7ulu\u011fun merkezi durumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnyaca me\u015fhur ve Rus havyar\u0131 olarak \u00fcn kazanm\u0131\u015f olan mersin bal\u0131\u011f\u0131 havyar\u0131 sadece Azerbaycan’da \u00fcretilir. Elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 ihra\u00e7 edilir.<\/p>\n

1991’de ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131ktan sonra, \u00f6zellikle ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6neminin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda ekonomik alanda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fler olmu\u015f ve para birimi olarak Manat’a ba\u011fl\u0131 kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak Azerbaycan, verimli tar\u0131m arazileri ve do\u011fal gaz, petrol ve demir cevheri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin kaynaklara sahip bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ham petrol \u00fcretimi 2006’da g\u00fcnl\u00fck 600, 000 varile ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fal gaz \u00fcretimi ise 1991’de 11 milyar m\u00b3 t\u00fcr. Toplam do\u011fal gaz rezervi 2 trilyon m\u00b3, petrol rezervlerin de 8 milyar varil oldu\u011fu savunulmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, petrokimya, yiyecek, giyim gibi hafif sanayi de vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Turizm potansiyeli y\u00fcksek bir \u00fclkedir.<\/p>\n

Bankac\u0131l\u0131k ve sigortac\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015fme s\u00fcreci g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

En \u00f6nemli ihracat\u0131 petroldur.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk teleferik 2007 y\u0131l\u0131nda Balaken’de hizmete a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m ve Hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’\u0131n y\u00fczde 7’si tar\u0131ma elveri\u015fli topraklara sahiptir. Bu tar\u0131m topraklar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de Kura ve Aras nehirleri \u00e7evresindedir ve \u00fclkede, tar\u0131m b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sulamaya dayanmaktad\u0131r. Yeti\u015ftirilen ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fcr\u00fcnler tah\u0131l, meyve, pamuk, \u00e7ay, t\u00fct\u00fcn ve \u00fcz\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca, dut a\u011fac\u0131ndan y\u0131lda 5.000 ton ipek kozas\u0131 elde edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan tar\u0131m\u0131nda ve ekonomisinde hayvanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n da \u00f6nemli yeri bulunmaktad\u0131r. En son verilere g\u00f6re Azerbaycan’da 1, 5 milyon s\u0131\u011f\u0131r, 5 milyon koyun, 30 milyon k\u00fcmes hayvan\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k geli\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Sanayi<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’da sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, net maddi \u00fcretimin % 48, 3’\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. (1992 tahmini)<\/p>\n

A\u011f\u0131r Sanayi: Enerji, metalurji, makina, imalat, kimya, orman \u00fcr\u00fcnleridir.<\/p>\n

Hafif Sanayi: Dokuma, diki\u015f, deri, k\u00fcrk, kundurad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ula\u015f\u0131m<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan geli\u015fmi\u015f bir ula\u015ft\u0131rma sistemine sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Demiryolu: 2.090 km.<\/p>\n

Kara Ula\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Karayolu 30.400 km.<\/p>\n

Deniz Ula\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hazar Denizi yoluyla yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hava ula\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Bak\u00fc hava liman\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmakta olup Ankara, \u0130stanbul, Londra, Paris, Moskova, Ta\u015fkent, Astana, Bi\u015fkek, Pekin, Dubai, Milano, Kiev gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6lgeleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

E\u011fitim<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’da e\u011fitimin t\u00fcm di\u011fer T\u00fcrk devlet ve topluluklar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok ileri d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. 1991 istatistiksel verilere g\u00f6re 4.775 okulda 1.503.000 \u00f6\u011frenci okumaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn okul say\u0131s\u0131 5.000’e, \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131 1.600.000’e ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’da 6.500 k\u00fclt\u00fcr tesisi, 4.605 k\u00fct\u00fcphane, 125 m\u00fcze, 125 m\u00fczik okulu, 43 halk tiyatro salonu, 3.680 k\u00fclt\u00fcr evi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Okuma yazma oran\u0131 %99, 5’tir.<\/p>\n

Bak\u00fc-Azerbaycan Devlet \u00dcniversitesi ve ba\u011fl\u0131 enstit\u00fcleri b\u00fct\u00fcn Uygulamal\u0131 Matematik ve Ekonomik Sibernetik, Kimya, Jeoloji, Biyoloji, Tarih, Filoloji, \u0130lahiyat, Co\u011frafya, Gazetecilik, Hukuk, Mekanik ve Matematik, Fizik, Sosyal Bilimler ve Psikoloji, K\u00fct\u00fcphane \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Uygulamal\u0131 Matematik Bilimsel Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, Do\u011fu \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, kollar\u0131nda e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zel ve devlet olmak \u00fczere toplam 49 tane kanuni \u00fcniversite mevcuttur ve bu \u00fcniversiteler bir\u00e7ok t\u00fcrk ve yabanc\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenciye e\u011fitim vermekte, do\u011fu blo\u011fu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda kaliteli e\u011fitim veren \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’da sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri verilirken \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sistem uygulanmaktad\u0131r.}<\/p>\n

\u0130lk m\u00fcdahale sa\u011fl\u0131k memurlar\u0131yla yap\u0131lmakta,<\/p>\n

Bunlar\u0131n yetersiz kalmas\u0131 halinde hastalar, hastahanelere g\u00f6nderilmekte,<\/p>\n

Hastahanelerin yetersizli\u011fi durumunda ise hastalar \u00fcniversitelerdeki ara\u015ft\u0131rma hastahanelerine yollanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik<\/b><\/p>\n

Azerbaycan’da sosyal g\u00fcvenlik a\u011f\u0131 maliyetleri olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek olup, GSMH % 18’ini tutmaktad\u0131r. Emeklilik ya\u015f\u0131 olarak kad\u0131nlarda 55 ya\u015f, erkeklerde ise 60 ya\u015f ko\u015fulu aranmaktad\u0131r.}<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti ekonomik ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k kavram\u0131n\u0131 benimsemi\u015f ve 1991’den sonrada serbest piyasa ekonomisine ge\u00e7erek d\u00fcnyayla b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fmek istemi\u015ftir.}<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyete izin verilmi\u015f, borsa yasas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, devlet tahvilleri haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f, toprak kanunu ile topraks\u0131z \u00e7ift\u00e7iler toprakland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kendi merkez bankas\u0131n\u0131 kurmu\u015f, d\u00fczenli bir vergilendirmeyi getirmi\u015f ve \u00fclkeye yabanc\u0131 sermaye ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.}<\/p>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler, AG\u0130T, IMF gibi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n da \u00fcyesidir.<\/p>\n

Karaba\u011f sorunu<\/b><\/p>\n

1988 Ocak ay\u0131nda, Ermenistan Azerbaycan’a kar\u015f\u0131 bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rd\u0131. 6 May\u0131s 1989 tarihli Sovyetler Birli\u011fi Bakanlar Kurulunun karar\u0131 ile Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f y\u00f6netiminde g\u00f6revli olan b\u00fct\u00fcn Azeriler b\u00f6lgeden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. 30 Kas\u0131m 1989’da \u0415rmenistan Meclisi SSCB\u2019nin onay\u0131} ile Karaba\u011f’\u0131 kendi topraklar\u0131na katma karar\u0131 ald\u0131. 20 Ocak 1990\u2019da Sovyet y\u00f6netimi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla Sovyet ordu birlikleri kanl\u0131 bir olayla Bak\u00fc’ye girdi. 8 A\u011fustos 1991’de \u0415rmenistan\u2019da bulunan son T\u00fcrk k\u00f6y\u00fc olan N\u00fcvedi de bo\u015falt\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Azerbaycan T\u00fcrkiye ili\u015fkileri<\/b><\/p>\n

Atat\u00fcrk: “Azerbaycan’\u0131n sevinci bizim sevincimiz, kederi bizim kederimizdir.” Haydar Aliyev: “Biz bir millet, iki devletiz.” Ebulfez El\u00e7ibey: “\u0130ki karde\u015fin yan yana ayr\u0131 devletler kurdu\u011fu nerede g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Azerbaycan ve T\u00fcrkiye olarak en k\u0131sa zamanda birle\u015fmeliyiz.” Naz\u0131m Hikmet ise \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cBen T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fan ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazan bir T\u00fcrk \u015fairiyim. \u015eimdi karde\u015flerimin ve yolda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131n aras\u0131nday\u0131m, Bak\u00fc\u2019deyim. Ben bu yoldan 30 y\u0131l \u00f6ncede ge\u00e7tim. T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n kalbi Bak\u00fc\u2019de at\u0131yor. Zengin T\u00fcrk K\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc miras\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Bak\u00fc\u2019den \u0130stanbul\u2019a selam olsun!..\u201d Devlet ve sanat adamlar\u0131n\u0131n bu s\u00f6zleri \u00fclkelerimiz aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131n derinli\u011fini anlatm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nemli G\u00fcnleri<\/b><\/p>\n

1 Ocak – Yeni Y\u0131l Bayram\u0131<\/p>\n

20 Ocak – \u015eehitleri Anma G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n

26 \u015eubat – Hocal\u0131 Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 Anma G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n

8 Mart – Kad\u0131nlar G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n

20-21 Mart – Nevruz Bayram\u0131<\/p>\n

31 Mart – Azerbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n Soyk\u0131r\u0131m G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n

9 May\u0131s – Zafer G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n

28 May\u0131s – Cumhuriyet G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n

15 Haziran – Milli Kurtulu\u015f G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n

26 Haziran – Silahl\u0131 Kuvvetler G\u00fcn\u00fc<\/p>\n

31 Aral\u0131k – D\u00fcnya Azerbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n Hemreylik (Dayan\u0131\u015fma) G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2026<\/p>\n

KAYNAK:<\/b> www.dursunozden.com.tr<\/p>\n

$\"azerbaycan_bayrak_harita\"$ <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bak\u00fc’de 2-4 Ekim 2016’da toplanan “\u0130slam \u00dclkeleri Gazeteciler Birli\u011fi” 1. Konferans\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131: “\u0130yi Niyet” etkinli\u011fi kapsam\u0131nda; T\u00fcrkiye’yi temsilen yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m konu\u015fmada: “\u0130slam, ter\u00f6r ve darbe” konusunda, vah\u015fi kapitalizmin servis etti\u011fi ve destekledi\u011fi, bat\u0131 merkezli yalan ve yanl\u0131\u015f haberler, ter\u00f6rden T\u00fcrkiye’yi y\u0131kamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayan karanl\u0131k kirli g\u00fc\u00e7lerin, 15 Temmuz Fetocu darbe giri\u015fimi de sonu\u00e7 vermedi… Biz binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3594"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3594"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3722,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3594\/revisions\/3722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}