{"id":2090,"date":"2014-07-07T01:17:51","date_gmt":"2014-07-06T22:17:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/?p=2090"},"modified":"2018-10-17T00:26:33","modified_gmt":"2018-10-16T21:26:33","slug":"gavur-gizi-safiye-mubadele-acisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/?p=2090","title":{"rendered":"GAVUR GIZI SAF\u0130YE (M\u00fcbadele ac\u0131s\u0131)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"EN2C2464\"<\/a>M\u00fcbadele Allah\u0131n belas\u0131 bir \u015feydi.\u00a0Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011fi biterken (1924); \u00a0Ege Denizi\u2019nin iki yan\u0131nda oturan y\u00fcz binlerce insan, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yurt de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Vapurlar ya da trenler mi yol al\u0131yor yoksa evler mi, bilemediler. 1912\u2019de Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131 binlerce M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131 Anadolu\u2019ya savurmu\u015ftu. Ard\u0131ndan I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 patlak verdi. Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda, bu g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131 daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1924\u2019de Lozan\u2019da imzalanan \u201cN\u00fcfus M\u00fcbadelesi (de\u011fi\u015fimi) S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u201d ile b\u00fcy\u00fck bir n\u00fcfus de\u011fi\u015fimi ya\u015fand\u0131. Selanik\u2019ten Kavala\u2019dan Girit\u2019ten, Kesriye\u2019den, Kozana\u2019dan yakla\u015f\u0131k 400 bin M\u00fcsl\u00fcman geldi. Anadolu\u2019da ya\u015fayan 1 milyon 300 bin Ortadoks Rum, Yunanistan\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7 etti. Orada yeni yurtlar\u0131n\u0131, yeni evlerini kurmalar\u0131 kolay olmad\u0131. Y\u0131llarca \u00e7ad\u0131rlarda ve barakalarda, b\u00fcy\u00fck ac\u0131 ve kay\u0131plarla ya\u015fad\u0131lar. Yolda ve yeni yurtlar\u0131nda pek \u00e7o\u011fu hastaland\u0131 ve \u00f6ld\u00fc. Herkes do\u011fdu\u011fu evi, dikti\u011fi a\u011fac\u0131 ve kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zledi.<\/p>\n

Burada do\u011fduysa da..
\nUzun y\u0131llar sonra Yunanistan\u2019dan kalk\u0131p eski k\u00f6ylerini ziyarete gelenlerden Konstantin Feyzio\u011flu (95) \u201cM\u00fcbadele (de\u011fi\u015fim) Allah\u2019\u0131n belas\u0131 bir \u015feydi\u201d diye s\u00f6ze ba\u015flad\u0131 . \u201cBir ba\u015fka \u00fclkeye, bir ba\u015fka denize gidelim dedim. Bundan daha iyi bir kasaba buluruz elbet. Her \u00e7abam\u0131z, kaderin olumsuz bir yarg\u0131s\u0131yla bir ceset gibi g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fcr kalbimize. Akl\u0131m daha ne kadar kalacak bu \u00e7orak \u00fclkede. Y\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fc nereye \u00e7evirsem, nereye baksam, etrafta bir kara y\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum. Bunca \u00f6m\u00fcr t\u00fcketti\u011fimiz bu \u00fclkede, neden kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131zdan ve topraklar\u0131m\u0131zdan bizi kopard\u0131lar? Cami ve kiliselerimizle, bayram ve yortular\u0131m\u0131zla g\u00fcl gibi ge\u00e7inip gitti\u011fimiz kap\u0131 kom\u015fumuzla ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck. Oysa, iyi kom\u015fu karde\u015ften de \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr.\u201d
\nOrtodoks bir anne ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bir baban\u0131n \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Kostantin Feyzio\u011flu\u2019na g\u00f6re iki halk aras\u0131ndaki fark \u015fundan ibaret: \u201cRumun avana\u011f\u0131 yoku\u015fta sigara i\u00e7er, T\u00fcrk\u00fcn avana\u011f\u0131 yoku\u015fta nara \u00e7eker.\u201d
\nGelveri; Ihlara, Misli, Konakl\u0131, Akta\u015f, Ni\u011fde, Bor, Kavuklu, Ovac\u0131k, Maden, Ere\u011fli, Uluk\u0131\u015fla\u2026 ve \u00f6teki Anadolu kasaba ve k\u00f6ylerindeki kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zleyen g\u00f6\u00e7men Rumlar, geldikleri yurtlara bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc al\u0131\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. Zaman zaman \u201cmemleket\u201d dedikleri bu ata topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ve evlerini ziyarete geliyorlar. Onlar \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu\u2019da bu topraklarda do\u011fmu\u015flard\u0131. Gelveri onlar\u0131n ana vatan\u0131 idi. Akakiadis Pantelis, Gelveri\u2019de do\u011fdu, Yunanistan Nea Kalveri\u2019de ak d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc sa\u00e7lar\u0131na. Ve bu kasaba hep arkalar\u0131ndan gitti. 1911 do\u011fumlu Akakiadis, anas\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ile; \u201cGelveri\u2019nin topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131, suyunu ve ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zledim\u2026\u201d diyor. Eski ad\u0131 Gelveri olan G\u00fczelyurt\u2019ta her sabah sokakta g\u00f6\u00e7 \u00f6yk\u00fcleri dola\u015f\u0131yor. Y\u0131llar \u00f6nce Gelveri\u2019den g\u00f6\u00e7 edenler, bu ak sa\u00e7l\u0131 insanlar \u00f6m\u00fcrlerinin son g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc yenileyerek, torunlar\u0131 ile birlikte Gelveri\u2019ye geldiler.
\nFarkl\u0131 inan\u00e7lar, y\u0131llarca yan yana ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f burada. Dost ve kom\u015fu olmu\u015flar. Ayn\u0131 dilde, ayn\u0131 t\u00fcrk\u00fcy\u00fc s\u00f6ylemi\u015fler. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, onlar\u0131n ana dili olmu\u015f. T\u00fcrk\u00fcle\u015fmi\u015f:<\/p>\n

\u201cEmek kald\u0131 orada\u2026\u201d
\n\u201cHaniya da benim elli direm past\u0131rmam \/ Konyal\u0131\u2019dan ba\u015fkas\u0131na bast\u0131rmam \/ Y\u00fcr\u00fc yavrum y\u00fcr\u00fc, Konyal\u0131m y\u00fcr\u00fc \/ \u015eimdi burdan ge\u00e7ti, Konyal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n biri\u2026\u201d
\n\u0130onya\u2019da oturan Yorgis Yam\u0131ko\u011flu, Selanik\u2019te oturan Statios Efstadiadis, Kavala\u2019da oturan Makridis Uzuno\u011flu, Kozana\u2019da oturan ve zurna \u00e7alan Hristofos Hristoforidis ve \u00f6teki g\u00f6\u00e7men Anadolu Rumlar\u0131, atalar\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendikleri \u201cKaramanca\u201d dili ile \u00f6zlemlerini ve tepkilerini dile getirdiler. Karamanca, Rumca, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve Fars\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 bir dil. Kaval ve kemen\u00e7e \u00e7alan Hristofos (1905 do\u011fumlu): \u201cHepimiz Allah\u2019\u0131n adam\u0131y\u0131z. Rum \u2013 T\u00fcrk ayr\u0131m\u0131 niye? Bize burada el gibi bak\u0131yorlar. Kendimizi turist gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u0131s\u0131namad\u0131k buralara\u2026\u201d Bildi\u011fi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e t\u00fcm s\u00f6zc\u00fckler, \u00f6zt\u00fcrk\u00e7e idi. \u201cBenim bubam\u0131n anas\u0131 iyi halva yapard\u0131. Anamda gevsi y\u0131kar, g\u00fclibikli horuzun etini kalayl\u0131 bak\u0131r tasta bize virirdi. Bubam da avratlara bakar, g\u00f6z hamam\u0131 (banyosu) yapard\u0131. Yunanistan\u2019a geldik ve mutsuz olduk\u2026 Eme\u011fimiz kald\u0131 orda\u2026\u201d dedi\u2026<\/p>\n

\u201cKa\u00e7g\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7ok zor\u2026 \u201c
\n\u201cKa\u00e7g\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7ok zor\u2026\u201d diye s\u00f6ze ba\u015flayan Politeseni Katrancis, \u201ccin arabas\u0131\u201d dedi\u011fi bisiklete binemeden g\u00f6\u00e7te \u00f6len karde\u015fini ve g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc an\u0131msad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6z ya\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7inde anlatt\u0131:
\n\u201cYayla zaman\u0131 idi. May\u0131s ya da haziran ay\u0131. Gelveri\u2019den Ihlara\u2019dan ya da Aksaray\u2019dan Hasan Da\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yama\u00e7lar\u0131na s\u00fcr\u00fcleriyle g\u00f6\u00e7 eden kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z (M\u00fcsl\u00fcman) bize a\u011flayarak el sall\u0131yorlard\u0131. Hakk\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 helal edin, dediler. Helallik, T\u00fcrklerde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir inan\u00e7. Yunanistan\u2019dan gelen bir komisyon ile T\u00fcrk yetkililer mallar\u0131m\u0131za k\u0131ymet bi\u00e7tiler. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz t\u00fcm mallar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ucuza verdik, \u00e7o\u011funu ba\u011f\u0131\u015flad\u0131k. Kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z arkam\u0131zdan su att\u0131lar. Tekrar geri gelelim diye. Ka\u011fn\u0131larla, at arabalar\u0131 ile Konya Ere\u011fli\u2019ye geldik. Bir k\u0131sm\u0131m\u0131z da Ni\u011fde \u00fczerinden (o tarihte Ni\u011fde\u2019de tren yolu yoktu) Uluk\u0131\u015fla\u2019ya geldi. Bir hafta burada, \u00d6k\u00fcz Mehmet Pa\u015fa Han\u0131\u2019nda konaklad\u0131k. Tren vagonlar\u0131 i\u00e7ine dolu\u015ftuk. Tren Toros Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7en t\u00fcnellerden ilerlerken, bir bilinmeyene do\u011fru yol al\u0131yorduk. Tren mi yol al\u0131yor, evler mi, bilemiyorduk. Karaisal\u0131 ve Yenice istasyonlar\u0131nda bizleri ta\u015flayanlar oldu. Sonra, Mersin liman\u0131\u2019na geldik. Yolda, asker ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrk e\u015fk\u0131yalar bize zarar verdi.\u201d<\/p>\n

Aziz\u2019in naa\u015f\u0131 da g\u00f6\u00e7 etti
\nBa\u015f\u0131m\u0131za k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck gelmesin diye H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da yayan Aziz Grigoryos\u2019un naa\u015f\u0131n\u0131, bulundu\u011fu yerden \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131k. Elliye yak\u0131n sand\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirdik. Her kasa 80 okka kadard\u0131. Arabalara y\u00fckledik. Trene ve oradan da vapura bindirdik. Denizde bir f\u0131rt\u0131na ba\u015flay\u0131nca Aziz\u2019in par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f naa\u015f sand\u0131klar\u0131na sar\u0131larak dua ediyorduk. Ama hi\u00e7 faydas\u0131 olmuyordu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yolda \u00e7ok insan \u00f6ld\u00fc. Babam, \u2018goyu mu olur, gabard\u0131c\u0131n g\u00f6lgesi\u2026\u2019 t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fcnlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131.
\n\u0130talyan ve T\u00fcrk gemileriyle Selanik\u2019in Karaburnu Liman\u0131\u2019na geldik. Burada karantinadan ge\u00e7tikten sonra T\u00fcrklerin ba\u015flatt\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00f6ylere gittik. S\u0131tma, hastal\u0131klar yakam\u0131z\u0131 b\u0131rakmad\u0131. Yerli Rumlar, bize g\u00f6\u00e7men oldu\u011fumuz i\u00e7in \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc davrand\u0131lar. Mutluluk ve kom\u015fuluk, Anadolu\u2019da kald\u0131\u2026
\n\u201cBiz memlekette iken\u2026\u201d diye s\u00f6ze ba\u015flayan g\u00f6\u00e7men Rumlar\u0131n, Gelveri\u2019den Nea Kalvari\u2019ye uzanan g\u00f6\u00e7 destanlar\u0131 anlatmakla bitmiyor.
\nNea Kalvari K\u00fclt\u00fcr Merkezi M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Kaplanis Iosifidis, k\u0131nal\u0131 ka\u015f\u0131kla oynay\u0131p, \u201cSevda nedir bilmezdim, o da geldi ba\u015f\u0131ma\u2026\u201d t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylerken \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu: \u201cKalbimizi biliyorsunuz. Seviyoruz birbirimizi. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnlerimize sizi bekliyoruz. Sizi davet ediyoruz, evlerimize gelin. Bizler kom\u015fuyuz. \u0130yi kom\u015fu karde\u015ften de \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u2026\u201d Atalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 eski evlerini, kiliselerini ve kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zleyen, karde\u015flik \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yapan bu insanlara, kucak a\u00e7an G\u00fczelyurt (Gelveri) Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 S\u00fcleyman G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ise, \u201cTek meyva ile bah\u00e7e olmaz\u201d diyor\u2026 Oysa, Hasan Da\u011f\u0131 zaman i\u00e7inde ak\u0131p giden tarihe tan\u0131kt\u0131\u2026 Bir g\u00f6\u00e7 t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fc gelir uzaktan: \u201cG\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn ucu Uluk\u0131\u015fla\u2019ya ula\u015ft\u0131 \/ Bostan\u0131 bozulmu\u015f ba\u011flara d\u00f6nd\u00fck \/ A\u011flamaktan kan doldu g\u00f6zlere \/ Kayna\u011f\u0131na akan \u00e7aylara d\u00f6nd\u00fck\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

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DURSUN \u00d6ZDEN<\/p>\n

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GAVUR GIZI SAF\u0130YE<\/p>\n

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N\u00dcFUS DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130 (M\u00dcBADELE-1924) \u0130NSANLARI ya da YUNAN\u0130STAN\u2019DAK\u0130 ANADOLU.<\/p>\n

Anadolu\u2019dan Yunanistan\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7 eden ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fan Rumlarla \u201cMemleket\u201d i\u00e7in konu\u015ftum. ORTAK D\u0130L KARAMANLICA<\/p>\n

Bana \u201cTGC Yerel Bas\u0131n \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u201d kazand\u0131ran Yunanistan\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m r\u00f6portajlar, bir d\u00f6neme \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutar nitelikte, hasret ve duygu y\u00fckl\u00fc an\u0131larla doluydu\u2026<\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yorgis Yam\u0131ko\u011flu<\/b>(92) -(Selanik- \u0130onia\u2019da oturuyor)<\/p>\n

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Manisa Hamidiye k\u00f6y\u00fcnden g\u00f6\u00e7 edenlerden babas\u0131n\u0131n boynu e\u011fri oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu soyad\u0131 alm\u0131\u015flar. G\u00f6zleri g\u00f6rmeyen, k\u00f6yl\u00fc \u015fapkal\u0131 Yam\u0131ko\u011flu \u201cYasuu -\u015ferefe\u201d diyerek uzo(rak\u0131) i\u00e7ti benimle. O gece Apostol\u2019un evinde kald\u0131m. E\u015fini bir hafta \u00f6nce kaybetti\u011fini de dile getiren Yam\u0131ko\u011flu:\u00a0 \u201cO benim g\u00f6\u00e7 ve hayat arkada\u015f\u0131md\u0131. Onun yoklu\u011funa al\u0131\u015fam\u0131yorum. Geceleri evimde yaln\u0131z yatarken korkuyorum.\u00a0 Sa\u011f olsun torunlar\u0131m, gelinim ve o\u011flum Apostol beni yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakm\u0131yorlar. (Apostol, k\u0131ymetli dostum Nea Epivates -Yeni Selimpa\u015fa- Belediye Ba\u015fkan\u0131 George Kariotis\u2019in Selanik\u2019te bulunan z\u00fcccaciye ma\u011fazas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ve anas\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi T\u00fcrk\u00e7eyi d\u00fczg\u00fcn konu\u015fuyor.) Birde \u015fu karaba\u015f k\u00f6pek bana yolda\u015f oluyor. Doksan\u0131 devirdik.\u00a0 Art\u0131k bizi \u00f6l\u00fcm paklar. Bir daha ki geldi\u011finde belki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015femeyiz. Bana \u201cMemleket\u201d havas\u0131 getirdi\u011fin i\u00e7in sana minnettar\u0131m. \u00d6lsemde gam yemem\u2026\u201d derken, bir yandan da a\u011fl\u0131yordu. \u201cKaramani dili\u201d dedi\u011fi k\u0131r\u0131k bir T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ile konu\u015fan Yam\u0131ko\u011flu, Karamani dilinin ne oldu\u011funu ise \u015f\u00f6yle a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131; \u201c biraz T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, biraz Rumca ve biraz da Fars\u00e7a\u2019dan olu\u015fan bir Anadolu dilidir. Bizim anadilimiz.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00c7o\u011funu unuttu\u011fu ve yeni hat\u0131rlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, konu\u015ftu\u011fu \u00f6z T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u00f6zc\u00fckleri se\u00e7erek ve \u00f6zenle s\u00f6yleyen Yam\u0131ko\u011flu o g\u00fcnleri \u015f\u00f6yle anlatt\u0131; \u201cbizim k\u00f6y Hamidiye, Horuz k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131nda idi. K\u00f6yde, \u00fcz\u00fcm, zeytin, pamb\u0131k, ekin ve t\u00fct\u00fcn yeti\u015ftirirdik.1924 M\u00fcbadele(de\u011fi\u015fim) \u2018de \u0130zmir\u2019den Selanik\u2019e bir \u0130talyan vapuru ile geldik. Evimizi ve tarlam\u0131z\u0131 T\u00fcrklere b\u0131rakt\u0131k. Buradaki T\u00fcrklerin evlerini ve mallar\u0131n\u0131 da bize verdiler. 300 drahmi biz alacakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nca, Yunan Devleti bize bu paray\u0131 verdi. Buraya gelince \u00e7ok fukaral\u0131k \u00e7ektik. Paras\u0131 \u00e7ok olan bir hafta rak\u0131 i\u00e7erdi, e\u011flenirdi.<\/p>\n

Manisa\u2019n\u0131n zenginlerinden olan bubam Petro ve dedem Papu, 1917 \u2018de \u0130zmir ve Manisa\u2019ya giren Yunan askerlerine \u00e7ok yiyecek, para ve alt\u0131n verdi\u011fi i\u00e7in, biz Yunanistan\u2019a g\u00f6\u00e7 edince, Yunan devleti bize bu paray\u0131 fazlas\u0131yla geri \u00f6dedi ve \u00f6d\u00fcllendirdi. Hatta M\u00fcbadele (1924)\u2019de T\u00fcrk askerleri dedemi, Yunan askerlerine yard\u0131m ve yatakl\u0131k etti\u011fi i\u00e7in \u0130zmir\u2019de esir ald\u0131lar. Sonra b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Dedem , T\u00fcrk kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131za ihanet etti\u011fi i\u00e7in; anam ve ninem ona\u00a0 hep k\u0131zard\u0131. Hatta, dedemin karde\u015finin hay\u0131rs\u0131z ve mal y\u00fcz\u00fcnden problem \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hat\u0131rlat\u0131r ve \u2018iyi kom\u015fu garda\u015ftan da \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u2019 diyerek onun bu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131nard\u0131\u2026\u201d\u00a0 dedi.\u00a0 Yam\u0131ko\u011flu, kendi elleriyle kurdu\u011fu rak\u0131y\u0131 ikram ederken \u00e7ok mutluydu.\u00a0 \u0130\u00e7 kom\u015fu, i\u00e7. Bu meret bu g\u00fcnler i\u00e7in yap\u0131ld\u0131. Benim en iyi misafirim Dursun\u2019un \u015ferfine\u2026.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00d6demi\u015f kavaklar\u0131\/ d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr yapraklar\u0131\u2026\u201d\u00a0 Bu Rebetiko t\u00fcrk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6ylerken aya\u011fa kalk\u0131p, elinde bastonu ile efeler gibi zeybek oynayan Yam\u0131ko\u011flu, anas\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi Ege t\u00fcrk\u00fclerini s\u00f6ylerken g\u00f6rmeyen g\u00f6zlerinden ya\u015f ak\u0131yordu.\u00a0 Anadolu Ortadoks Rumlar\u0131ndan Yorgis Yam\u0131ko\u011flu, h\u00fcz\u00fcnle mutlulu\u011fu birlikte ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Toprak kokan, hasret kokan ve sar\u0131 t\u00fct\u00fcn kokan Anadolu\u2019dan, onlar\u0131n \u201cAnavatan\u201d \u0131ndan,\u00a0 g\u00fczel kom\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n \u00fclkesi cennet T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den gelen memleket kokusuna hasretti. \u201cMemleket\u201d diye adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6zledi\u011fini ve T\u00fcrk\u00fclerle bu \u00f6zlemini gidermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyordu.\u00a0 Biraz daha h\u00fcz\u00fcnlenen Yam\u0131ko\u011flu, T\u00fcrk\u00fclere vurdu kendini. Ve ba\u015flad\u0131 s\u00f6sylemeye:<\/p>\n

\u201cAlim Alim g\u00fcl Alim<\/p>\n

Alim orak bi\u00e7iyor<\/p>\n

G\u00fcl dibine gel Alim<\/p>\n

Suyu nerden i\u00e7iyor<\/p>\n

Alim \u00f6ld\u00fc diyenler<\/p>\n

Karalar\u0131 bi\u00e7iyor\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Statios Efstadiadis<\/b>(77) (Selanik\u2019te oturuyor)<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk dostu bir aile. Ma\u00e7kal\u0131 kemen\u00e7e \u00e7alan(k\u00f6r) Trabzon\u2019daki, Ma\u00e7ka\u2019daki, Tonya\u2019daki ve Hamsik\u00f6y\u2019deki dostlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zledi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek s\u00f6ze ba\u015flad\u0131.\u201d \u015eimdiki politikac\u0131lar zevzek ak\u0131ll\u0131. Venizelos ile Atat\u00fcrk b\u00fcy\u00fck devlet adamlar\u0131yd\u0131. Rum ve T\u00fcrk halklar\u0131 kom\u015fu ve karde\u015f halklard\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015fman olamazlar. Amerika ve k\u00f6t\u00fc politikac\u0131lar bu iki halk\u0131 k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131yorlar. Gelin m\u00fczikle,sanatla bu oyunu bozal\u0131m. Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, Lenin arkada\u015f. Bar\u0131\u015f iyi ama politikac\u0131lar iyi de\u011fil. Hem\u015ferim Mesut Y\u0131lmaz ve Erkan Ocakl\u0131\u2019y\u0131 seviyorum. Ne de olsa biz de Karadenizliyiz.\u201ddedi kemen\u00e7e \u00e7ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Akak\u0131ad\u0131s Pantelis<\/b>(86) (Kavala-Nea Karvali\u2019de oturuyor)<\/p>\n

Kapadokyal\u0131. Aksaray Gelveri kasabas\u0131ndan g\u00f6\u00e7edenlerden. Nea Kalvari\u2019de ya\u015f\u0131yor. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fuyor. Gelini Heleni\u2019ye \u201c k\u0131z\u0131m biz Anadolu\u2019da b\u00f6yle g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Yak\u0131n kom\u015fu karde\u015ften bile \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Yatakta avrat, sorfada yemek beklemek zordur.\u201ddiye \u015faka ile s\u00f6ze giren Gelveri(G\u00fczelyurt) do\u011fumlu(1914) Akak\u0131ad\u0131s Panteis, 1924\u2019deki g\u00f6\u00e7 destan\u0131n\u0131 a\u011flayarak ve heyecanla anlatmaya ba\u015flad\u0131: \u201c her \u015feyimizi orada b\u0131rakt\u0131k. Tekrar gelece\u011fimizi zannettik. \u00d6nce, t\u00fcm Kapadokya b\u00f6lgesi Rumlar\u0131 Konya Ere\u011fli\u2019de topland\u0131. Orada bir hafta kald\u0131k. Trene bindirildik. Uluk\u0131\u015fla \u00fczeri Mersin liman\u0131na geldik. Bizi bekleyen Yunan gemisine bindirildik. Sadece ta\u015f\u0131yabilece\u011fimiz kadar e\u015fya yan\u0131m\u0131za alabildik. Uzun bir gemi yolculu\u011fundan sonra Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Pire liman\u0131na geldik. T\u00fcrkler\u2019in bo\u015faltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6ylere bizleri yerle\u015ftirdiler. Buralar batakl\u0131kt\u0131 o zaman, \u00e7o\u011fumuz s\u0131tmadan \u00f6ld\u00fc. Analar\u0131m\u0131z ve ablalar\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7eyiz sand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bile Gelveri\u2019de b\u0131rakt\u0131. 50 y\u0131ld\u0131r ilk kez T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve Yunanca konu\u015fuyorum. \u00c7ok mutlu ve heyecanl\u0131y\u0131m. \u00c7ocukluk g\u00fcnlerimi, T\u00fcrk arkada\u015flar\u0131m\u0131 hat\u0131rlad\u0131m. Anadolu vatan, Gelveri\u2019ye can kurban.\u201d<\/p>\n

Makridis Uzuno\u011flu<\/b>(83) (Ag\u0131on Oros Yar\u0131madas\u0131\u2019na a\u00e7\u0131lan kap\u0131 olan tatil k\u00f6y\u00fc Ouranoupolis\u2019te oturuyor)<\/p>\n

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Anas\u0131 Borlu ve babas\u0131 G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhaneli olan Makridis Uzuno\u011flu, Bolkar Da\u011flar\u2019n\u0131n yama\u00e7lar\u0131nda bulunan Ni\u011fde – Uluk\u0131\u015fla\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 Maden K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019nde oturmu\u015f. Dedeleri, topluca G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane\u2019den Maden kasabas\u0131nda bulunan alt\u0131n ve g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f madenini i\u015fletmek \u00fczere Osmanl\u0131 Devleti taraf\u0131ndan getirilip yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015fler. Makridis 1918\u2019de Maden\u2019de do\u011fmu\u015f. Toros Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n Bolkar b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde kuzeyinde bir derenin i\u00e7inde 1700 metre rak\u0131mda bulunan Maden kasabas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, bak\u0131r ve kalay madenleri da\u011flar\u0131n allt\u0131ndaki galerilerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak, iki i\u015flemden ge\u00e7irildikten sonra \u0130stanbul\u2019a g\u00f6nderilirmi\u015f.\u00a0 B\u00f6lgenin idari ve mali i\u015fleri Maden kasabas\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f. Cumhuriyet sonras\u0131, kasaba merkezi Uluk\u0131\u015fla\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. Makridis\u2019in anas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 Anadolu imi\u015f. Makridis Uzuno\u011flu\u2019nun anas\u0131 bu kasabaya \u00f6zg\u00fc ve \u00e7ok lezzetli Dirmusun fasulyesi, el \u00f6rg\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7oraplar ve kendi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 e\u015fya\u015far\u0131 al\u0131r yak\u0131n k\u00f6ylere ( Alihoca, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, Darbo\u011faz, Porsuk ve Beya\u011f\u0131l) g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr ve lahana, patetes, so\u011fan, bulgur gibi yiyeceklerle de\u011fi\u015firmi\u015f. Babas\u0131 madende kazmac\u0131 ve berbermi\u015f.<\/p>\n

\u201cAnam, bak\u0131r le\u011fenlerde gevsi y\u0131kar ve yunaklarda da bizleri \u00e7imdirirdi. Bubam, madende gazmac\u0131yd\u0131. Bo\u015f zamanlar\u0131nda da berberlik yapard\u0131. M\u00fcbadele de bir akrabam\u0131z g\u0131z, bir T\u00fcrkle evlenip ve m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olup orada kald\u0131. B\u00f6yle \u00e7ok oldu. T\u00fcrkler, Rum erkeklere g\u0131z vermiyorlard\u0131, ama Rum g\u0131zlar\u0131yla T\u00fcrkler evleniyordu. Y\u00f6r\u00fck g\u0131zlar\u0131 kasabadan \u00e7\u00f6rek al\u0131rlar ve y\u00fcn verirlerdi. Bubam, g\u00f6\u00e7ebe y\u00f6r\u00fcklerle iyi arkada\u015fl\u0131k edermi\u015f.\u201d T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019yi anas\u0131ndan \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Makridis\u2019le tan\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z olduk\u00e7a ilgin\u00e7.<\/p>\n

Atos Da\u011f\u0131\u2019na gidebilmek i\u00e7in polisten dokuz bin drahmi vererek, pasaportumu g\u00f6stererek ve fener patri\u011finden ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m mektubu g\u00f6stererek giri\u015f vizesi ald\u0131m. Dokuz y\u00fcz elli drahmiye vapur biletimi de alarak sabah saat 9.45 \u2018te feribota bindim. Feribot Rus manast\u0131r\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131nda seyrederken, kaptan yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 beni ar\u0131yordu. Bozuk bir \u015five ile \u201cDu\u015fun Ozhen\u201d diyerek dola\u015f\u0131yordu. Yan\u0131na gittim ve \u201cbenim\u201d dedim. Kaptan k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fcne gittik. Feribotun telsizinde soyad\u0131 Karamanl\u0131 olan polis \u015fefi benimle konu\u015ftu: \u201csizin mektupta m\u00fcslim oldu\u011funuz yaz\u0131yor. E\u011fer do\u011fruysa feribotla geri d\u00f6nmelisiniz. Siz ortodoks, katolik, M\u00fcslim\u2026 Nesiniz? \u201cben \u0131srarla ortodoks oldu\u011fumu s\u00f6yledim. \u201cfener patri\u011fi beni iyi tan\u0131m\u0131yor ben ortodoksum \u201cdedim. Boynumdaki ha\u00e7\u0131 g\u00f6ren kaptan ve yan\u0131ndaki ya\u015fl\u0131 bir ki\u015fi, telsizi alarak, polise Rumca bir\u015feyler konu\u015ftular ve \u201cproblem yok\u201d diyerek benimle T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fmaya ba\u015flayan ya\u015fl\u0131 gemici \u201culan hem\u015ferim, sen nerelisin?\u201d diyerek bana bir kahve s\u00f6yledi. Uluk\u0131\u015flal\u0131 oldu\u011fumu Maden k\u00f6y\u00fcne yaylaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve \u0130stanbul\u2019da oturdu\u011fumu s\u00f6yleyince tam bir dost olduk. \u201cYasu\u201d diyerek kahvemisi i\u00e7tik. Uzuno\u011flu ailesini ve uzun zamand\u0131r konu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Karaamca\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00d6zt\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fuyordu. Y\u00f6r\u00fck T\u00fcrk\u00e7esiyle \u201cbenim bubam\u0131n anas\u0131 \u00e7ok iyi halva yapar, gevsi y\u0131kar, g\u00fclibikli horuzun etinden kalayl\u0131 sahanda bize virirdi. Bubam da avratlara bakar, g\u00f6z hamam\u0131 (banyosu)\u00a0 yapard\u0131.\u201d\u00a0 Bildi\u011fi t\u00fcm s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin \u00d6zT\u00fcrk\u00e7e olmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 idi. Zaman zaman da Karamanl\u0131ca konu\u015fuyordu.\u00a0 Ama \u201cMemleket\u201d\u00a0 dedi\u011fi Maden kasabas\u0131, Makridis\u2019in burnunda t\u00fct\u00fcyordu.\u00a0 O, bir denizci oldu\u011fu kadar, ayn\u0131 zamanda bir madencinin o\u011flu ve Anadolu\u2019nun \u00e7ocu\u011fu idi. Anadolu, Makridis\u2019in \u00f6z anas\u0131\u2026 Bana hem\u015fehri \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p, yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan Makridis\u2019e sonsuz te\u015fekk\u00fcrler.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/b>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kostantin Feyzio\u011flu<\/b>(95) (Kozani-Klada kasabas\u0131nda oturuyor)<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Anas\u0131 Sofia (Safiye) n\u0131n soyad\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 \u201c\u015eekero\u011flu\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6zlerine ekledi. G\u00f6zleri az g\u00f6ren ve kulaklar\u0131 az duyan Feyzio\u011flu, kal\u0131n caml\u0131 miyop g\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00fct\u00fcl\u00fc ve temiz giysileri, t\u00fcyl\u00fc f\u00f6t\u00fcr \u015fapkas\u0131 ve elinde bastonu ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den biri geldi\u011fini duyunca hemen yerinden f\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Ana taraf\u0131ndan dedesinin Kayseri\u2019de <\/b>\u015feker \u00fcretti\u011fi i\u00e7in bu soyad\u0131 ald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6v\u00fcnerek anlatan Feyzio\u011flu, s\u0131sak bir kucakla\u015fmadan ve ho\u015fbe\u015ften sonra, konu\u015fmaya dald\u0131k. 1924\u2019de ba\u015flayan g\u00f6\u00e7 \u00fczerine sorular sormam\u0131 bitirmeden, elindeki bastonunu yere (sebep olanlara) vurarak s\u00f6ze ba\u015flad\u0131. Daha o zamanlar gen\u00e7 bir \u00e7ocuk olan Kostant\u0131n, belle\u011fine kaz\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc heyecanl\u0131 ve anadilim dedi\u011fi T\u00fcrk\u00e7e anlatmaya ba\u015flad\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cToprak yollarda, ka\u011fn\u0131lar ve at arabalar\u0131n\u0131n sesinden, da\u011f ta\u015f inliyordu. Geride b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131za m\u0131 yanars\u0131n, yoksa bizi bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc terk etmeyen ve geceleri konaklama yerlerinde uzun uzun uluyan karaba\u015f k\u00f6pa\u011fime mi yanars\u0131n? Bir g\u00f6\u00e7 yang\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Yol boyunca T\u00fcrkler bize yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecek veriyorlard\u0131. \u00d6zellikle, Ni\u011fde\u2019de mola vermi\u015ftik. Bize her t\u00fcrl\u00fc yard\u0131mda bulundular. Arkam\u0131zdan sa\u011f sa\u011flim varmam\u0131z i\u00e7in dua ettiler.\u00a0 \u00c7ocuklara taze koyun s\u00fct\u00fc ve bize de s\u0131cak tand\u0131r ekme\u011fi, ye\u015fil so\u011fan ve peynir koydular az\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131za. Sepetler dolusu kiraz ve dut verdiler. Hi\u00e7 unutamam bu iyilikleri. Hay\u0131rl\u0131 yolculuklar dilediler. Bize sar\u0131l\u0131p kucakla\u015farak u\u011furlad\u0131lar. K\u00f6yde b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m yavuklum Emine\u2019nin g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131na bezenmi\u015f oyal\u0131 mendilini g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u00e7e bir ba\u015fka h\u00fcz\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcyordu. Ayaklar\u0131m geri geri gidiyor. Jandarmalar b\u0131raksa, k\u00f6ye Emine\u2019min yan\u0131na ka\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131m. Emine, \u2018bende seninle geleyim Kosta\u2019 dedi. Anas\u0131 ve bubas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. \u2018Biz gavura g\u0131z virmeyiz\u2019 dediler. G\u00f6\u00e7 bizi, sevgilileri ay\u0131rd\u0131. Ay\u0131rmakla yetmedi, denizin \u00f6te yan\u0131na savurdu. G\u00f6\u00e7 umutlar\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131 t\u0131kad\u0131. Kara tren, Toros Da\u011flar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n k\u00f6r t\u00fcnellerinden girip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k\u00e7a anam Safiye: \u201cTren mi yol al\u0131yor, yoksa evler mi?<\/b> \u201c derken, ak\u0131p giden g\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131n\u0131n ve uzay\u0131p giden tren yolunun i\u00e7imize akt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yordu.\u00a0 O zaman Kayseri-Mersin aras\u0131nda tren yolu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, ka\u011fn\u0131larla ve at arabalar\u0131 ile g\u00fcnlerce Ni\u011fde \u00fczerinden Uluk\u0131\u015fla tren istasyonuna geldik. Bizi, Uluk\u0131\u015fla\u2019da eski bir Kervansaraya (\u00d6k\u00fcz Mehmet Pa\u015fa K\u0131\u015flas\u0131) \u2018nda beklettiler. \u00dc\u00e7 g\u00fcn sonra buradan trene binerek Yenice\u2019ye geldik. Yenice ve Tarsus\u2019da bizi ta\u015fald\u0131lar. \u2018Defolun gavurlar !..\u2019 diyerek ellerine ge\u00e7eni \u00fczerimize f\u0131rlat\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u0130yiki, bizi doldurduklar\u0131 vagonlar\u0131n her taraf\u0131 kapal\u0131 idi.\u00a0 Ama yine de ta\u015flardan nasibimizi al\u0131yorduk.<\/p>\n

Sonra Mersin\u2019e geldik. Bir iki g\u00fcnde burada bekledikten sonra, koca bir \u0130talyan gemisine bindik. Kayseri\u2019de deniz olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, denizden ve deniz yolculu\u011fundan \u00e7ok korktuk. Anam ve bubam bizleri kollar\u0131 aras\u0131na ald\u0131 ve uzun s\u00fcre denize hi\u00e7 bakmadan yol ald\u0131k. \u00c7o\u011fumuzu deniz tuttu. Kusmaktan her taraf kirlendi ve halsiz d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck.\u00a0 Hastal\u0131k yakam\u0131z\u0131 b\u0131rakm\u0131yordu.\u00a0 Kom\u015fumuz Anadolu teyze yolda \u00f6ld\u00fc. \u00c7ok \u00fcz\u00fcld\u00fck. Anadolu teyzenin beline kocaman bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ba\u011flad\u0131lar ve denize att\u0131lar. Bal\u0131klar vapurun \u00e7evresinde z\u0131pl\u0131yorlar ve suya bir girip, bir \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yorlard\u0131. Anam:\u00a0 \u201c Bu gidi\u015fle karay\u0131 g\u00f6rmeden hepimiz \u00f6lece\u011fiz\u201d diyerek a\u011fl\u0131yordu. Bubam, anama hem k\u0131z\u0131yor ve hemde teselli etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. K\u00f6yden yan\u0131m\u0131za ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecekler bitmek \u00fczereyken, \u201cKara g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc!\u2026\u201d diye; yorgunlu\u011fu ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutup, herkez sevin\u00e7 \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131 att\u0131. Selanik liman\u0131na yan\u0131m\u0131za alabildi\u011fimiz e\u015fyalar\u0131m\u0131zla birlikte indik.\u00a0 Karantina ve sa\u011fl\u0131k kontrolundan ge\u00e7irildikten sonra, at arabalar\u0131yla \u00f6nce Kozani\u2019ye ard\u0131ndan da Klada\u2019ya geldik. Buras\u0131 batakl\u0131k ve sivrisineklerle doluydu. S\u0131tma ve tifo gibi hastal\u0131ktan \u00e7ok ki\u015fi \u00f6ld\u00fc. G\u00f6\u00e7e dayananlar, s\u0131tmaya dayanamad\u0131. Bir bir \u00f6ld\u00fcler. Bizlere, Anadolu\u2019dan g\u00f6\u00e7 edenlere buran\u0131n, Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n yerlileri k\u00f6t\u00fc ve d\u00fc\u015fman g\u00f6z\u00fcyle bak\u0131yorlard\u0131.\u00a0 Bizim, barbar, vah\u015fi ve T\u00fcrk soyundan oldu\u011fumuzu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar ve bize yabani hayvan gibi davran\u0131yorlard\u0131. Oysa biz, Rum ve Ortadoks oldu\u011fumuzu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve ayn\u0131 inanc\u0131n, ayn\u0131 \u0131rk\u0131n insan\u0131 oldu\u011fumuzu dle getiriyorduk. Ama nafile\u2026 Uzun y\u0131llar Yunan devleti, bizim bu durumumuza yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmad\u0131. Bize ikinci s\u0131n\u0131f halk muamelesi yapt\u0131lar. Yeni yeni insan yerine konmaya ba\u015fland\u0131k. \u015eimdi \u00e7ok rahat\u0131z ve mutluyuz. Ama yine de Anadolu\u2019daki k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz, topra\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ve kom\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z burnumuzda t\u00fct\u00fcyor. Nede olsa, Anavatan\u0131m\u0131z. Do\u011fdu\u011fumuz ve b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz yerler\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda bu h\u00fcz\u00fcnl\u00fc g\u00f6\u00e7 destan\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fayan ve \u015fimdi bu d\u00fcnyada dikili tek a\u011fac\u0131 bile olmayan Kostantin Feyzio\u011flu, bu ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc anlat\u0131rken zaman zaman dal\u0131yor ve g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131na bo\u011fulup, i\u00e7ine a\u011fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

\u201cSebebinin g\u00f6z\u00fc k\u00f6r olsun. Bizi, topraklar\u0131m\u0131zdan ve vatan\u0131m\u0131zdan ay\u0131ranlar Allah\u0131ndan bulsunlar.\u201d\u00a0 Feyzio\u011flu\u2019nun,\u00a0 Kayseri\u2019den g\u00f6\u00e7 eden ailesinden art\u0131k kimse kalmam\u0131\u015f. \u015eimdi bile k\u00f6y kahvesinde Feyzio\u011flu i\u00e7in, yerli Ortadoks Rumlar :\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201d O d\u00f6nmedir. Annesi Rum, babas\u0131 ise T\u00fcrk. Kendisi ise Ortodoks T\u00fcrk\u201d diyorlar. Feyzio\u011flu ise;<\/p>\n

\u201c Anadolu\u2019da pek \u00e7ok medeniyetler ve halklar birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131. Ailem karma olabilir. Ben Anadolulu bir ortodoksum.\u201ddedi. \u201cHepimiz Allah\u0131n adam\u0131y\u0131z. Bu farkl\u0131l\u0131k bizim zenginli\u011fimiz. Yeterki, karde\u015f gibi ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 bilelim. Yalan d\u00fcnyada Rum, T\u00fcrk, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve H\u0131ristiyan ayr\u0131m\u0131 niye?\u201ddiye soran K.Feyzio\u011flu, eskiden Ankara\u2019da politikac\u0131 bir T\u00fcrk karde\u015finin oldu\u011funu ve onu hi\u00e7 g\u00f6rmedi\u011fini de s\u00f6zlerine ekledi. (Bu ki\u015fi, eski Kayseri milletvekili ve bakan Turan Feyzio\u011flu imi\u015f.)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trabzonlu Hristofos Hristoforidis ile birlikte gitti\u011fimiz k\u00f6y kahvesinde muhtar ve \u00f6teki Klada\u2019l\u0131larla birlikte i\u00e7ti\u011fimiz biran\u0131n paras\u0131n\u0131 veren Kayserili Kostantin Feyzio\u011flu, bu k\u00f6yde tek ba\u015f\u0131na oldu\u011funu ve ailesinden kimsenin kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6lerken g\u00f6zleri doldu. Kulaklar\u0131 a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fiten Feyzio\u011flu, y\u00fcksek sesle konu\u015fuyor ve zaman zaman da espriler yap\u0131yordu. Ve bir \u00f6zdeyi\u015fle g\u00fclmeye ba\u015flad\u0131:<\/p>\n

\u201cRumun avana\u011f\u0131 yoku\u015fta sigara i\u00e7er<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn avana\u011f\u0131 yoku\u015fta nara \u00e7eker.\u201d<\/p>\n

Asl\u0131nda ben kendimi tan\u0131mlad\u0131m, diyerek masaya biraz daha co\u015fku kat\u0131yordu. O, tipik bir Kayserili idi.<\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Hristofos Hristoforidis<\/b> (96) (Kozani-Terpazogos\u2019ta oturuyor)<\/p>\n

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70 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki o\u011flu Konstantinos ve 64 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki gelini Elisavet ile birlikte oturan Hristofos, zurna ve kaval \u00e7al\u0131yor. Laz horonu tepiyor, a\u011f\u0131z dolusu g\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Amerika\u2019da, d\u00f6rt kez laz milli giysileri ile halk oyunlar\u0131 ve zurna \u00e7alarak k\u00f6y\u00fcn\u00fc temsil etti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Kendi kasetini, resmini ve \u00f6zge\u00e7mi\u015fini verirken, \u201cpu\u015ft o\u011fullar\u0131 bizi topraklar\u0131m\u0131zdan etti\u201ddiyerek Trabzon-Ma\u00e7ka-Hamsik\u00f6y\u2019deki \u00e7ocukluk g\u00fcnlerini ve evlerini anlat\u0131rken, Venizelos\u2019un s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc dinlemedi\u011fi i\u00e7in Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n h\u0131\u015fm\u0131na u\u011framalar\u0131na ve kendilerini g\u00f6\u00e7e zorlayan Pontus patri\u011fine k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi. Laz \u015fivesiyle T\u00fcrk\u00e7e ve Rumca konu\u015fuyor ve \u201cKaradenizliyiz\u201d diyerek \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcbadele ac\u0131s\u0131, Ege\u2019nin iki yakas\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirmedi. G\u00f6\u00e7, insanlar\u0131n do\u011fup b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckleri yerlerden, kap\u0131 kom\u015fular\u0131ndan ve s\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 saklad\u0131klar\u0131 evlerden; sonsuza dek uzakla\u015fman\u0131n ve hep hasretle geriye bakman\u0131n ac\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildi\u2026<\/p>\n

Tek ortak yanlar\u0131 vard\u0131, o da dilleri idi. Biraz T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, biraz Rumca ve biraz da Fars\u00e7a kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 dil olan Karamanl\u0131ca denen bir dil konu\u015fmalar\u0131yd\u0131. Bu ortak dili konu\u015fan ve kadim atalar\u0131n\u0131n izini s\u00fcren\u00a0 \u201cGavur K\u0131z\u0131 Safiye\u201d ve Kostantin Feyzio\u011flu\u201d idi. Denizin iki yakas\u0131nda birbirlerini merak eden bu iki ailenin kucakla\u015fma \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc ya da emanet sand\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kan kanavi\u00e7eli mendil, nice belgesellere esin kayna\u011f\u0131 olacakt\u0131r\u2026<\/p>\n

Ve bir ba\u015fka ortak yanlar\u0131 ise \u015fu \u00f6zg\u00fcn veciz s\u00f6zlerde gizlidir:<\/p>\n

\u201cKapadokya vatan, Selanik can, Anadolu\u2019ya can\u0131m kurban!..\u201d<\/p>\n

www.dursunozden.com.tr<\/b><\/p>\n

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T\u00fcrkiye-Yunanistan n\u00fcfus m\u00fcbadelesi<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

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M\u00fcbadele d\u00f6neminin T\u00fcrk-Yunan ili\u015fkilerini tasvir eden bir karikat\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

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T\u00fcrkiye-Yunanistan N\u00fcfus M\u00fcbadelesi<\/b> veya De\u011fi\u015fimi<\/b>, 1923<\/a> y\u0131l\u0131nda Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/a>‘na ek protokol uyar\u0131nca T\u00fcrkiye<\/a> ve Yunanistan<\/a>‘\u0131n kendi \u00fclkelerinin yurtta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 din esas\u0131 \u00fczerine zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7e tabi tutmas\u0131na verilen add\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7e tabi tutulan ki\u015filere ise m\u00fcb\u00e2dil<\/i> denir.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcbadele ile 1.200.000 Ortodoks H\u0131ristiyan Rum Anadolu<\/a>‘dan Yunanistan’a, 500.000 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk de Yunanistan’dan T\u00fcrkiye’ye g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.[1]<\/a>[2]<\/a><\/sup> M\u00fcbadele kapsam\u0131na giren ki\u015filer ile m\u00fcbadele kapsam\u0131na girmeyen ki\u015filer aras\u0131ndaki ayr\u0131m\u0131n ana k\u0131stas\u0131 \u0131rk ya da dil de\u011fil din oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in Rum denilenlerin aras\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a>‘den ba\u015fka dil bilmeyen ve konu\u015fmayan T\u00fcrk Ortodoks H\u0131ristiyan Gagavuzlar<\/a> ile Karamanl\u0131 Ortodokslar<\/a>, Yunanistan’dan gelen M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda da T\u00fcrklerin yan\u0131nda Drama, Kavala, Karacaova ve Kesriye’den gelen Bulgarca ve Makedonca konu\u015fan Pomaklar<\/a>, Romence<\/a> konu\u015fan Ulahlar<\/a>, Rumca<\/a> (Yunanca) konu\u015fan Patriyotlar ve kendi dilleriyle konu\u015fan Arnavutlar<\/a> da bulunmu\u015flard\u0131r.[kaynak belirtilmeli<\/a><\/i>]<\/sup><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye-Yunanistan n\u00fcfus m\u00fcbadelesi kapsam\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye’de sadece \u0130stanbul<\/a> kenti ile G\u00f6k\u00e7eada<\/a> ve Bozcaada<\/a>‘da oturan Rumlar<\/a>, Yunanistan’da ise sadece Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrkleri<\/a> m\u00fcbadeleden muaf tutulmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/sup><\/p>\n

M\u00fcbadelede Drama<\/a>, Girit<\/a>, Kavala<\/a>, Selanik<\/a>, Vodina<\/a> ve Yanya<\/a>‘dan T\u00fcrkiye<\/a>‘ye gelen n\u00fcfus Do\u011fu Trakya<\/a> ve Bat\u0131 Anadolu<\/a>‘da Rum az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ayr\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile bo\u015falan yerlere iskan edilmi\u015flerdir. M\u00fcbadillerin yo\u011fun olarak iskan edildikleri \u015fehirler Adana<\/a>, Bal\u0131kesir<\/a>, Bilecik<\/a>, Bursa<\/a>, \u00c7anakkale<\/a>, Edirne<\/a>, \u0130stanbul<\/a>, \u0130zmir<\/a>, K\u0131rklareli<\/a>, Kocaeli<\/a>, Manisa<\/a>, Mersin<\/a>, Samsun<\/a> ve Tekirda\u011f<\/a> idi.<\/p>\n

De\u011fi\u015fimin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc 1923-1924 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f, ancak geriye kalan az say\u0131da olayda 1930 \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc<\/a>–Venizelos<\/a> s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine dek zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7 uygulamas\u0131na devam edilmi\u015ftir. Zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7 gerek T\u00fcrk, gerek Yunan ekonomisinde yakla\u015f\u0131k 20 y\u0131l s\u00fcren a\u011f\u0131r bir krize yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Anla\u015fma \u00d6ncesindeki Durum:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Osmanl\u0131 Devleti<\/a> 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131<\/a> sonras\u0131nda Rumelideki<\/a> topraklar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131na yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken geride, Osmanl\u0131 tebaas\u0131yken bir anda ba\u015fka bir devletin az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fcndeki vatanda\u015flar\u0131 konumuna d\u00fc\u015fen y\u00fczbinlerce M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yunanl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan potansiyel tehlike olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen Epir b\u00f6lgesindeki, Selanik ve \u00e7evresindeki \u015fehirler ile birlikte adalardaki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 yo\u011fun bask\u0131 ve yer yer katliamlar yap\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Bu durum yakla\u015f\u0131k on sene s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n

1922’de Yunan Ordusu<\/a>‘nun Anadolu’dan ma\u011flup ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan art\u0131k Anadolu’da can ve mal g\u00fcvenli\u011fini kaybetti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen 1,069,957 Anadolulu Rumun Yunanistan’a g\u00f6\u00e7 etmesiyle g\u00f6\u00e7menleri bo\u015f arazi ve evlere yerle\u015ftirme sorununun ba\u015f g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi Yunanistan’da, Anadolu’dan gelen g\u00f6\u00e7menler M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 evlerinden \u00e7\u0131karmaya ve onlar\u0131n evlerine yerle\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Rum g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin bar\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli arazi ve evlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’ye gitmesiyle sa\u011flanacakt\u0131. Hem Yunanistan’daki hem de T\u00fcrkiye’deki az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n daha da artmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Lozan \u015fehrinde bar\u0131\u015f anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde 30 Ocak 1923 tarihinde T\u00fcrkiye ile Yunanistan aras\u0131nda m\u00fcbadeleyi \u00f6ng\u00f6ren s\u00f6zle\u015fme imzaland\u0131.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Anla\u015fma:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M\u00fcbadeleye tabi tutulan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman m\u00fcltecilerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

S\u00f6zle\u015fme 19 maddeden olu\u015fuyordu. S\u00f6zle\u015fme gere\u011fi 1 May\u0131s 1923 tarihi itibariyle T\u00fcrkiye topraklar\u0131ndaki Rum\/Ortodoks<\/a> n\u00fcfus ile Yunanistan topraklar\u0131ndaki T\u00fcrk\/M\u00fcsl\u00fcman<\/a> n\u00fcfus aras\u0131nda zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7<\/a> uygulamas\u0131 \u015farta ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f oluyordu.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcbadeleye tabi tutulmayacak olanlar s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin 2. maddesinde belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere Bat\u0131 Trakya T\u00fcrkleri<\/a> ile \u0130stanbul Rumlar\u0131<\/a> idi.<\/p>\n

3. madde ile 18 Ekim 1912 tarihinden itibaren yerlerinden g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f olanlar da m\u00fcbadele kapsam\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

6. ve 7. maddelere g\u00f6re g\u00f6\u00e7e tabi tutulanlara her iki h\u00fck\u00fcmette gereken kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6sterecek, m\u00fcbadil ki\u015fi terk etti\u011fi \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kacak yeni geldi\u011fi \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 alacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

5. maddeye g\u00f6re m\u00fcbadillerin m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131na hi\u00e7bir zarar verilmeyecekti. 8. maddeye g\u00f6re ise m\u00fcbadiller her \u00e7e\u015fit ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r mallar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir vergiye tabi olmadan yanlar\u0131nda getirebileceklerdi.<\/p>\n

9. maddeye g\u00f6re m\u00fcbadillerin geldikleri yerde b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 mallar Karma Komisyon taraf\u0131ndan tasfiye edilecekti. Bu madde 18 Ekim 1912’den sonra yerlerinden ayr\u0131lanlar\u0131 da kapsayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

11, 12 ve 13. maddeler s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstlenecek karma komisyonun kurulmas\u0131 ile ilgiliydi. Karma Komisyonun s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdi\u011fi tarihi izleyen bir ay i\u00e7inde kurulmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n

14. maddede g\u00f6\u00e7menlere yeni geldikleri \u00fclkede geride b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 mallara e\u015f de\u011fer nitelikte ve de\u011ferde mal verilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

15, 16, 17 ve 18. maddeler ise taraflar\u0131n Karma Komisyona kar\u015f\u0131 y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri, m\u00fcbadelenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda sa\u011flanacak kolayl\u0131klar, m\u00fcbadeleye tabi olacak ki\u015filere duyuru yap\u0131lmas\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmenin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn emniyete al\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in her iki h\u00fck\u00fcmetin yapaca\u011f\u0131 yasal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Karma Komisyon:<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u00f6zle\u015fmenin 11. maddesin az\u0131nl\u0131klar\u0131n m\u00fcbadelesini denetleyecek, mallar\u0131na de\u011fer bi\u00e7mek ve bu mallar\u0131 tasfiye etmek \u00fczere bir Karma Komisyonun kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n g\u00f6rmekteydi.<\/p>\n

Komisyonun d\u00f6rt \u00fcyesi T\u00fcrkiye h\u00fck\u00fcmetini, d\u00f6rd\u00fc Yunanistan h\u00fck\u00fcmetini temsil edecek, geriye kalan \u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcye ise 1914-1918 Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131na<\/a> kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelerin Milletler Cemiyeti<\/a> taraf\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilecek temsilcilerinden olu\u015facakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Karma Komisyonun merkezi 8 Ekim 1923’den 21 Haziran 1924’e kadar Atina<\/a>, bu tarihten sonra tasfiye edilene kadar ise \u0130stanbul’du.<\/p>\n

1923-1926 aras\u0131 Karma Komisyonun tahsis ettikleri ile T\u00fcrkiye’ye gelen m\u00fcbadil say\u0131s\u0131 355,635 idi. Bu say\u0131ya kendi ula\u015f\u0131m olanaklar\u0131yla Yunanistan’dan ayr\u0131l\u0131p T\u00fcrkiye’ye gelenler dahil de\u011fildir. 1921-1928 aras\u0131 T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin iskan ettirdi\u011fi m\u00fcbadil say\u0131s\u0131 463,534 ki\u015fidir. 1912-1914 aras\u0131 Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131ndaki s\u00fcre\u00e7te Yunanistan’dan gelen g\u00f6\u00e7men say\u0131s\u0131 ise 125.000 dir. Adana<\/a>, Edirne<\/a>, Bal\u0131kesir<\/a>, \u0130stanbul<\/a>, Bursa<\/a>, Tekirda\u011f<\/a>, K\u0131rklareli<\/a>, \u0130zmir<\/a>, Kocaeli<\/a>, Manisa<\/a>, \u00c7anakkale<\/a>, Mersin<\/a>, ve Samsun<\/a> gibi iller Yunanistan’dan gelen m\u00fcbadillerin en yo\u011fun olarak yerle\u015ftirildi\u011fi illerdir.<\/p>\n

1928 genel n\u00fcfus say\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re Yunanistan’daki g\u00f6\u00e7men n\u00fcfus 1,221,849 idi. Bunun 1,104,216 s\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye’den, geri kalan\u0131 ise di\u011fer \u00fclkelerden gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de m\u00fcbadil yerle\u015fim yerleri:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1923 ile 1927 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda illere g\u00f6re iskan edilmi\u015f m\u00fcbadil say\u0131lar\u0131.[6]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130l<\/b><\/td>\nM\u00fcbadil say\u0131s\u0131<\/b><\/td>\n\u0130l toplam n\u00fcfusu (1927) <\/b>[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/b><\/td>\n\u00a0%si<\/b><\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Adana<\/td>\n8,440<\/td>\n227.718<\/td>\n3.71<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7anakkale<\/td>\n11.638<\/td>\n181.753<\/td>\n6.40<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Isparta<\/td>\n1.175<\/td>\n144.437<\/td>\n0.81<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mersin<\/td>\n3.330<\/td>\n119.107<\/td>\n2.80<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Afyon<\/td>\n1.045<\/td>\n259.377<\/td>\n0.40<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cebeli Bereket<\/td>\n2.944<\/td>\n107.694<\/td>\n2.73<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130stanbul<\/td>\n36.487<\/td>\n794.444<\/td>\n4.59<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mu\u011fla<\/td>\n4.968<\/td>\n175.390<\/td>\n2.83<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aksaray<\/td>\n3.286<\/td>\n127.031<\/td>\n2.59<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7orum<\/td>\n1.570<\/td>\n247.926<\/td>\n0.63<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130zmir<\/td>\n31.502<\/td>\n526.065<\/td>\n5.99<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ni\u011fde<\/td>\n15.702<\/td>\n166.056<\/td>\n9.46<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Amasya<\/td>\n3.844<\/td>\n114.884<\/td>\n3.35<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Denizli<\/td>\n2.728<\/td>\n245.048<\/td>\n1.11<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kars<\/td>\n2.512<\/td>\n204.846<\/td>\n1.23<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ordu<\/td>\n1.248<\/td>\n202.354<\/td>\n0.62<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ankara<\/td>\n1.651<\/td>\n404.720<\/td>\n0.41<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Diyarbak\u0131r<\/td>\n484<\/td>\n194.316<\/td>\n0.25<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kastamonu<\/td>\n842<\/td>\n336.501<\/td>\n0.25<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Samsun<\/td>\n22.668<\/td>\n274.065<\/td>\n8.27<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Antalya<\/td>\n4.920<\/td>\n204.372<\/td>\n2.41<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Edirne<\/td>\n49.441<\/td>\n150.840<\/td>\n32.78<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kayseri<\/td>\n7.280<\/td>\n251.370<\/td>\n2.90<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u015eanl\u0131urfa<\/td>\n290<\/td>\n203.595<\/td>\n0.14<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Artvin<\/td>\n46<\/td>\n90.066<\/td>\n0.05<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Elaz\u0131\u011f<\/td>\n2.124<\/td>\n213.777<\/td>\n0.99<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u0131rklareli<\/td>\n33.119<\/td>\n108.989<\/td>\n30.39<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u015eebinkarahisar<\/td>\n5.879<\/td>\n108.735<\/td>\n5.41<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ayd\u0131n<\/td>\n6.630<\/td>\n212.541<\/td>\n3.12<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Erzincan<\/td>\n116<\/td>\n132.325<\/td>\n0.09<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u0131r\u015fehir<\/td>\n193<\/td>\n126.901<\/td>\n0.15<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sinop<\/td>\n1.189<\/td>\n169.965<\/td>\n0.70<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bal\u0131kesir<\/td>\n37.174<\/td>\n421.066<\/td>\n8.83<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Erzurum<\/td>\n1.095<\/td>\n270.426<\/td>\n0.40<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kocaeli<\/td>\n27.687<\/td>\n286.600<\/td>\n9.66<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sivas<\/td>\n7.539<\/td>\n329.551<\/td>\n2.29<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bayaz\u0131t<\/td>\n2.856<\/td>\n104.586<\/td>\n2.73<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Eski\u015fehir<\/td>\n2.567<\/td>\n154.332<\/td>\n1.66<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Konya<\/td>\n5.549<\/td>\n504.384<\/td>\n1.10<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tekirda\u011f<\/td>\n33.728<\/td>\n131.446<\/td>\n25.66<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bilecik<\/td>\n4.461<\/td>\n113.660<\/td>\n3.92<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Gaziantep<\/td>\n1.330<\/td>\n215.765<\/td>\n0.62<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
K\u00fctahya<\/td>\n1.881<\/td>\n302.436<\/td>\n0.62<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tokat<\/td>\n8.218<\/td>\n263.063<\/td>\n3.12<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bitlis<\/td>\n3.360<\/td>\n90.631<\/td>\n3.71<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Giresun<\/td>\n623<\/td>\n165.033<\/td>\n0.38<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Malatya<\/td>\n76<\/td>\n306.882<\/td>\n0.02<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Trabzon<\/td>\n404<\/td>\n290.303<\/td>\n0.14<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bolu<\/td>\n194<\/td>\n218.246<\/td>\n0.09<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fhane<\/td>\n811<\/td>\n122.231<\/td>\n0.66<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Manisa<\/td>\n13.829<\/td>\n374.013<\/td>\n3.70<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Van<\/td>\n275<\/td>\n75.329<\/td>\n0.37<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Burdur<\/td>\n448<\/td>\n83.614<\/td>\n0.54<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hakkari<\/td>\n310<\/td>\n24.980<\/td>\n1.24<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mara\u015f<\/td>\n1.143<\/td>\n186.855<\/td>\n0.61<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yozgat<\/td>\n1.635<\/td>\n209.474<\/td>\n0.78<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bursa<\/td>\n34.543<\/td>\n401.595<\/td>\n8.60<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hatay<\/td>\n1.037<\/td>\n<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mardin<\/td>\n200<\/td>\n183.471<\/td>\n0.11<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zonguldak<\/td>\n1.285<\/td>\n268.909<\/td>\n0.48<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00fcrkiye<\/b><\/td>\n463.549<\/b><\/td>\n13.648.270<\/b><\/td>\n3.40<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00fcbadele Allah\u0131n belas\u0131 bir \u015feydi.\u00a0Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011fi biterken (1924); \u00a0Ege Denizi\u2019nin iki yan\u0131nda oturan y\u00fcz binlerce insan, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yurt de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Vapurlar ya da trenler mi yol al\u0131yor yoksa evler mi, bilemediler. 1912\u2019de Balkan Sava\u015f\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgas\u0131 binlerce M\u00fcsl\u00fcman\u0131 Anadolu\u2019ya savurmu\u015ftu. Ard\u0131ndan I. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 patlak verdi. Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda, bu g\u00f6\u00e7 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1204,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[65],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2090"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2090"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2090\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5588,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2090\/revisions\/5588"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1204"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2090"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2090"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2090"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}