{"id":10438,"date":"2021-08-24T08:10:18","date_gmt":"2021-08-24T05:10:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/?p=10438"},"modified":"2021-10-11T00:20:05","modified_gmt":"2021-10-10T21:20:05","slug":"cografyaci-gezgin-misyonerler-makele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.dursunozden.com.tr\/?p=10438","title":{"rendered":"Co\u011frafyac\u0131 Gezgin Misyonerler ve ATAT\u00dcRK (Makele)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Co\u011frafyac\u0131 Misyoner Casuslar ve Atat\u00fcrk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dursun \u00d6ZDEN <\/strong>(Gezi Yazar\u0131-Belgeselci)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir gezi yazar\u0131 ve belgeselci olarak gitti\u011fim 99 \u00fclkede ve ar\u015f\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131nda; benden \u00f6nce bu yollardan ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve ard\u0131nda iz b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f gezginlerin yazd\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 okuyorum. Di\u011ferlerinden farkl\u0131 olan \u00fc\u00e7 gezgin dikkatimi \u00e7ekti. Biri Evliya \u00c7elebi,<\/strong> biri de Piri Reis<\/strong>, di\u011feri ise; Cezayirli \u0130bni Batuta.<\/strong> \u015eu anda elimin alt\u0131nda, \u0130bni Batuta\u2019n\u0131n \u201cSeyahatnamesi\u201d<\/em> var. \u0130bni Batuta; 1330\u2019da Kuzeybat\u0131 Afrika\u2019dan yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Fas, Tunus, Cezayir, Mali, Nijer, \u00c7ad, Sudan, Cidde, Mekke, Medine, M\u0131s\u0131r, Filistin, Suriye, \u00c7ukurova, Pozant\u0131, Uluk\u0131\u015fla, Ere\u011fli, Konya, Eski\u015fehir, Bursa, \u0130znik, Balkanlar, K\u0131r\u0131m, Tataristan, Kafkasya, Azerbaycan, \u0130ran, Kazakistan, T\u00fcrkmenistan, Tacikistan, \u00c7in ve Hindistan topraklar\u0131nda (Osmanl\u0131 Padi\u015fah\u0131 Orhan Gazi\u2019nin kendisine verdi\u011fi bir heybe dolusu alt\u0131n sikke ile); <\/em>\u0130slamiyeti yaymakla g\u00f6revli, gezgin bir co\u011frafyac\u0131d\u0131r \u0130bni Batuta. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1922\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelen, Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcll\u00fc Amerikal\u0131 gazeteci yazar Ernest Hemingway;<\/strong> T\u00fcrk Kurtulu\u015f Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131, Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fc ve \u0130stanbul\u2019u anlatan \u201d\u0130\u015eGAL \u0130STANBULU ve \u0130ki D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan Mektuplar\u201d<\/strong> kitab\u0131 i\u00e7in ve de Amasyal\u0131 co\u011frafyac\u0131, gezgin STRABON<\/strong> (M\u00d6: 64 – MS: 24) i\u00e7in, ayr\u0131ca iki farkl\u0131 makele yazmakta yarar vard\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Anadolu\u2019yu yaya gezdi\u011fi iddia edilen \u0130ngiliz Ajan\u0131 W. J. Childs, (Arabistanl\u0131-\u0130ngiliz) Lawrence<\/strong>, Afrika ve Malezya misyoneri Kamerun, Macellen, Kristof Kolom, Amerika Vevpu\u00e7i, Xuanzang, Ibni Batuta, Freya Stark, Fridjof Nansen, Evliya \u00c7elebi, Marco Polo, Piri Reis, Gullivers, Mehmet Hur\u015fid Pa\u015fa, Frans\u0131z Pierra Belon, Polonyal\u0131 Sineon, <\/strong>Ermeni as\u0131ll\u0131 Eremya \u00c7elebi K\u00f6m\u00fcrciyan, Frans\u0131z Jean Thevenot, Joseph Pitton, Peder J. Monier, Frans\u0131z Charles Texier… <\/strong>vb. Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131 \u00fczerine; \u201cSeyahatname\u201d<\/em> kitaplar\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015f olan pek \u00e7ok co\u011frafyac\u0131 gezginin, birer misyoner ya da istihbarat\u00e7\u0131 ajan olduklar\u0131 bilinmektedir… <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fte bunlardan biri de; Anadolu\u2019yu ar\u015f\u0131nlayan, bir ba\u015fka \u0130ngiliz gezgin kad\u0131n ve casus olan Gertrude Bell;<\/strong> Hasan Da\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcney yamac\u0131nda bulunan Ke\u00e7ikalesi K\u00f6y\u00fc ard\u0131ndan, Aksaray\u2019da \u00c7anl\u0131 Kilise, Selime, Gelveri (G\u00fczelyurt) ve Ihlara Vadisini gezdi. Ard\u0131ndan da Kapadokya B\u00f6lgesinde \u00e7ok\u00e7a foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekti, notlar ald\u0131. Daha sonra, Nev\u015fehir ve Derinkuyu \u00fczeri, Ni\u011fde\u2019ye geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gertrude Bell, 26 Haziran 1909\u2019da, Ni\u011fde\u2019de; <\/strong>Akta\u015f, G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fler Manast\u0131r\u0131, H\u00fcdavent Hatun T\u00fcrbesi, Ak Medrese, Ni\u011fde Kalesi, Alaattin Camisi ve Sungurbey Camisi gibi ba\u015fka tarihi yap\u0131lar\u0131 da gezip, inceledikten sonra; Bor ve Kemerhisar \u00fczeri Kolsuz K\u00f6y\u00fc\u2019nden ge\u00e7erek, Toros Da\u011flar\u0131 manzaral\u0131 ve 1600 metre rak\u0131ml\u0131 \u00c7aykavak Ge\u00e7idi\u2019nden sonra, 28 Haziran 1909\u2019da Uluk\u0131\u015fla\u2019ya geldi.<\/strong> Uluk\u0131\u015fla\u2019da tarihi \u00d6k\u00fcz Mehmet Pa\u015fa Kervansaray\u0131\u2019nda incelemelerde bulundu ve \u00e7ok\u00e7a foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekti. Ard\u0131ndan da \u00c7iftehan, Pozant\u0131 ve G\u00fclek Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00fczeri, Kilikya (\u00c7ukurova) B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ne ge\u00e7ti\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0131pk\u0131, 1916-1918\u2019de; Antakya, \u015eam, Filistin ve Sina \u00c7\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019nde, (Osmanl\u0131\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131), Arap isyanc\u0131lar\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fctleyen, k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtan, Hicaz Demiryolu\u2019nu havaya u\u00e7urtan ve \u201c\u00c7\u00f6l Fatihi\u201d <\/em>olarak bilinen; Thomas Edvard Lawrence <\/strong>gibi, Gertrube Bell<\/strong> de; sinci bir \u0130ngiliz co\u011frafyac\u0131, misyoner ve ajand\u0131. Bu ajanlar, kendine co\u011frafyac\u0131 ve gezgin ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 diyen, misyoner casuslar\u0131n yay\u0131nlanan hat\u0131ra defterleri, istihbarat notlar\u0131, detayl\u0131 ki\u015fi, olay ve mekan tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131, yol kroki ve haritalar\u0131, seyahatnameleri dikkatlice incelendi\u011finde; \u0130ngilizler ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere, t\u00fcm emperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7lerin, kirli oyunlar\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r\u2026 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Bolkar \u00c7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131-Kuvay\u0131 Milliye M\u00fcfrezeleri, Dursun \u00d6zden, Pozant\u0131 Belediyesi K\u00fclt\u00fcr Yay\u0131n\u0131, Nisan 2021)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu casuslar\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporlar; tarihi k\u00f6k\u00fc binlerce y\u0131l eskilere uzanan ve medeniyetlerin be\u015fi\u011fi olan, Anadolu co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6lme ve i\u015fgal etme projelerinin, ilk \u00f6n alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Suriye\u2019nin ba\u015fkenti \u015eam\u2019da, bir sahaf d\u00fckkan\u0131ndan sat\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m (1901-Londra bask\u0131l\u0131) i\u00e7inde katlanm\u0131\u015f, 1\/100 000 \u00f6l\u00e7ekli, \u201cYeni Ortado\u011fu, Anadolu ve Mezopotamya\u201d<\/strong> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 haritan\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir \u0130ngilizce kitap, bize iki \u015feyi an\u0131msat\u0131yordu (belki de \u00e7ok \u015feyi): Birinci Payla\u015f\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131 (1914-1918) sonunda imzalanan; Serv Antla\u015fmas\u0131 <\/strong>(10 A\u011fustos 1920) ve 2002\u2019de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, ABD\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi; B\u00fcy\u00fck Ortado\u011fu Projesi (BOP)<\/strong>, b\u00f6lgenin yeni siyasi haritas\u0131n\u0131n ne olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. 24 Temmuz 1923\u2019de, Lozan Antla\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong> ile T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin Misaki Milli s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n senedi imzaland\u0131. \u015eimdilerde ise, emperyalist oyunlarla birileri bu kutsal senedi y\u0131rtmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Cumhuriyetimizin 100. Y\u0131l\u0131 <\/strong>ya da 29 Ekim<\/strong> 2023 \u00c7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>, bu anlamda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir g\u00fcnlemdir\u2026 Silkinip \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcze d\u00f6nmenin tam zaman\u0131\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elbette, B\u00fcy\u00fck Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fc anlamak i\u00e7in, \u00f6ncelikle kendi yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck Nutuk\u201d<\/strong> ciltlerini \u00f6zenle ve sindirerek okumak gerekli. 57 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u0131sac\u0131k \u00f6mr\u00fcne, o kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck i\u015fleri s\u0131\u011fd\u0131ran ve 3997 adet kitab\u0131, alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek okuyan Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk hakk\u0131nda; \u00e7ok\u00e7a kitap yaz\u0131ld\u0131 ve biz onlar\u0131 yeniden okumal\u0131y\u0131z. \u0130lk akl\u0131ma gelen \u015fu kitaplar\u0131 an\u0131mdad\u0131m; Celal \u015eeng\u00f6r\u2019\u00fcn yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cDahi Diktat\u00f6r-Atat\u00fcrk\u201d<\/strong>, H. C. Armstrong\u2019un yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cBozkurt\u201d<\/strong> kitab\u0131, Yaveri Salih Bozok\u2019un \u201cAtat\u00fcrk ile An\u0131lar\u201d<\/strong> kitab\u0131 ve Yekta G\u00fcng\u00f6r \u00d6zden\u2019in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cNereden Baksa G\u00fczel, Nereden Baksan G\u00fczel\u201d <\/strong>kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 okumaktay\u0131m, yeniden\u2026 \u00d6te yandan; bir kafatas\u00e7\u0131 ve bir \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 asla de\u011filim, ama mazlum halklar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda, esin kayna\u011f\u0131 ve de \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck devrimcisi ve bar\u0131\u015f el\u00e7ici olan Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn izinden y\u00fcr\u00fcmek; beni din\u00e7le\u015ftiriyor, besliyor ve ufkumu-yolumu ayd\u0131nlat\u0131yor. \u00c7ok \u015fansl\u0131y\u0131z\u2026 Bu ba\u011flamda; Naz\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in \u201cKuvay\u0131 Milliye Destan\u0131\u201d<\/strong>n\u0131 tamamlayan; \u0130brahim Abilov, Mehmet Emin Resulzade ve Ebulfez El\u00e7ibey\u2019in \u201cDil Bayra\u011f\u0131m\u0131z T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Atat\u00fcrk ve T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131\u201d<\/strong> hakk\u0131ndaki konu\u015fma metinlerini, yeniden okuma gereksinimi duydum\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aman dikkat!.. 20. y\u00fcz y\u0131l\u0131n yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck insan, dahi, diplomat ve utkuya ko\u015fan komutan; Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn, 100 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc ve pusulas\u0131ndan asla \u015fa\u015fmayal\u0131m\u2026<\/strong> Yoksa, sonumuz belli\u2026 \u201cYa\u015fas\u0131n Tam Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z T\u00fcrkiye!..\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

12 Aral\u0131k 1996\u2019da, Havana\u2019da kendisiyle yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m \u00f6zel r\u00f6portajda, K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n efsanevi lideri Fidel Castro\u2019<\/strong>nun dedi\u011fi gibi: \u201cDevrimci Mustafa Kemal Atat\u00fcrk, bizim ve d\u00fcnyadaki mazlum halklar\u0131n, do\u011fal \u00f6nderi ve esin kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kendinize ba\u015fka \u00f6nder ve \u0131\u015f\u0131k aramay\u0131n\u0131z\u2026\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(K\u00fcba Uzak De\u011fil, Dursun \u00d6zden, Belge Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1997-\u0130stanbul). <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

www.dursunozden.com.tr<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n